Cutting tool
A cutting tool having a substrate and a coating layer for coating the surface of the substrate, the coating layer being composed of Ti 1−a−b−c−d Al a W b Si c M d (C x N 1−x ), where M is at least one selected from Nb, Mo, Ta, Hf and Y, 0.45≦a≦0.55, 0.01≦b≦0.1, 0.01≦c≦0.05, 0.01≦d≦0.1, and 0≦x≦1. The cutting tool has excellent wear resistance and fracture resistance. The cutting tool may be further provided with a layer composed of at least one selected from carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of Al and the elements of the groups 4, 5 and 6 of the periodic table.
1. A cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating layer for coating a surface of the substrate, wherein the coating layer comprises Ti 1−a−b−c−d Al a W b Si c Nb d (C x N 1−x ), wherein 0.45≦a≦0.55, 0.01≦b≦0.1, 0.01≦c≦0.05, 0.01≦d≦0.1, and 0≦x≦1.
2. The cutting tool according to claim 1 , further having, in addition to the coating layer, a second layer composed of at least one selected from the group consisting of carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of Al and the elements of the groups 4, 5 and 6 of the periodic table, wherein said second layer is disposed on the coating layer.
3. The cutting tool according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is a cemented carbide substrate comprising a hard phase and a binder phase, and the hard phase comprising a tungsten carbide phase having two peak tops in a particle size distribution, the two peak tops comprising a peak top on a fine particle side having a particle size of 0.1 to 0.8 μm, and a peak top on a coarse particle side having a particle size of 1.5 to 3.0 μm, the tungsten carbide phase being bound by 5 to 7 mass % of a binder phase.
4. The cutting tool according to claim 3 , wherein the tungsten carbide phase has a mean particle diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 μm.
5. The cutting tool according to claim 1 , wherein
the substrate is a cermet substrate comprising a binder phase composed of an iron family metal, and a hard phase comprising carbon nitride of metals, wherein said carbon nitride of metals comprises Ti, W, and at least one other metal selected from the groups 4, 5 and 6 of the periodic table and Ti is contained in the largest amount;
the hard phase in the inside of the cermet substrate has a mean particle diameter d in of 0.1 to 1.5 μm; and
there exists a surface layer region where the concentration of W is increased from the inside to the surface in the cermet substrate.
6. The cutting tool according to claim 5 , wherein in a cross-section of the cermet substrate observed by a scanning electron micrograph, the hard phase is formed by (i) a combination of a first hard phase having a core structure where a grayish white peripheral part exists around a black core part, and a second hard phase having a grayish white monostructure, and (ii) a combination of the first hard phase, the second hard phase and a third hard phase having a black monostructure, the first hard phase in the inside of the cermet substrate having a mean particle diameter d 1in of 0.1 to 1.3 μm, the second hard phase having a mean particle diameter d 2in of 0.2 to 1.5 μm, and the third hard phase having a mean particle diameter d 3in of 0.2 to 2.0 μm.
7. The cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein in an internal structure of the cermet substrate observed by a scanning electron micrograph, an area ratio S 1in of the first hard phase is 40 to 80 area %, an area ratio of S 2in of the second hard phase is 5 to 40 area %, and an area ratio S 3in of the third hard phase is 0 to 30 area %, to the entire structure.
8. The cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein in the hard phase, the black core part and the third hard phase contain at least 80 mass % of Ti, and the grayish white peripheral part of the first hard phase and the second hard phase contain a larger amount of metal other than Ti in the groups 4, 5 and 6 of the periodic table, than the black part of the first hard phase.
9. The cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein part of the core part of the first hard phase contains an iron family metal.
10. The cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein the ratio of a mean particle diameter d sf of the hard phase in the surface layer region and the mean particle diameter d in (d sf /d in ) is 1.1 to 1.8.
11. The cutting tool according to claim 7 , wherein the ratio of an area ratio S 1sf of the first hard phase in the surface layer region and the area ratio S 1in (S 1sf /S 1in ) is 0.3 to 0.7, and the ratio of an area ratio S 2sf of the second hard phase in the surface layer region and the area ratio S 2in (S 2sf /S 2in ) is 1.5 to 4.
12. The cutting tool according to claim 6 , wherein in a cross-section of the cermet substrate observed by a scanning electron micrograph, a ultrathin surface region where an area ratio S 1ss of the first hard phase is at least 80 area % exists in a depth region of not more than 5 μm in a surface part of the surface layer region.
13. The cutting tool according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is made up of a cBN sintered body.
14. The cutting tool according to claim 13 , a binder phase in the cBN sintered body contains TiN and TiC.
15. The cutting tool according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate is composed of alumina ceramics containing, in a matrix of alumina particles, 10 to 90 mass % of at least one of titanium and silicon carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and oxicarbonitrides.
16. The cutting tool according to claim 15 , wherein the alumina ceramics further contains at least one of cobalt and nickel in a ratio of 0.05 to 10 mass %.
17. The cutting tool according to claim 15 , wherein the interface roughness between the substrate and the coating layer is 0.01 to 0.2 μm.
18. The cutting tool according to claim 15 , wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 10 μm.
19. A method for manufacturing a cut article by using a cutting tool, which comprises:
putting a cutting edge of the cutting tool according to claim 1 to an uncut article to obtain the cut article.