Model for neurodegenerative disorders
The present invention discloses a double transgenic fly that expresses both Tau protein and the human Aβ42 peptide of human amyloid-β precursor protein (APP). The double transgenic flies of the present invention display a synergistic altered phenotype as compared to the altered phenotype displayed by transgenic flies expressing either Tau or human Aβ42 alone, and thus provide for an improved model for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease. The invention further discloses methods for identifying for therapeutic compounds to treat neurodegenerative disorders using the double transgenic flies.
1. A transgenic Drosophila whose genome comprises a first DNA sequence that encodes a human amyloid β peptide Aβ42, and a second DNA sequence that encodes a human Tau protein, wherein each of said first and second DNA sequences is operatively linked to an expression control sequence, wherein said human Aβ42 and human Tau protein are coexpressed in a tissue of said transgenic Drosophila , and wherein said transgenic Drosophila exhibits an observable or measurable phenotype that is (i) changed compared to said phenotype in a control Drosophila or (ii) is absent from said control Drosophila , wherein said control Drosophila does not express said human Aβ42 and human Tau protein in said tissue.
2. The transgenic Drosophila of claim 1 , wherein said expression control sequence is a tissue specific expression control sequence.
3. The transgenic Drosophila of claim 1 , wherein said first DNA sequence is fused to a nucleic acid encoding a signal peptide.
4. A method for identifying a candidate agent for treating Alzheimer's disease, comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a first transgenic Drosophila according to claim 1 ;
(b) contacting said first transgenic Drosophila with an agent; and
(c) observing or measuring an observable or measurable phenotype of said first transgenic Drosophila of step (b) and comparing it to said observable or measurable phenotype of a second Drosophila according to claim 1 not contacted with said candidate agent, wherein a difference in said observable or measurable phenotype of said first transgenic Drosophila compared to said second Drosophila is indicative of having identified a candidate agent for treating Alzheimer's disease.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein said transgenic Drosophila is an adult Drosophila.
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein said transgenic Drosophila is in its larval stage.
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein said expression control sequence is a tissue specific expression control sequence.
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein said expression control sequence comprises a UAS control element.
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein said first DNA sequence is fused to a nucleic acid encoding a signal peptide.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein said signal peptide is a wingless (wg) signal peptide.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein said signal peptide is a Argos (aos) signal peptide.
12. The method of claim 4 , wherein said observable or measurable phenotype is selected from the group consisting of: rough eye phenotype; concave wing phenotype; behavioral phenotype; and locomotor dysfunction.
13. A method for identifying a candidate agent for treating Alzheimer's disease, comprising the steps of:
(a) providing a transgenic Drosophila according to claim 1 ;
(b) contacting said transgenic Drosophila with an agent; and
(c) observing or measuring an observable or measurable phenotype of said transgenic Drosophila and comparing it to said observable or measurable phenotype of said Drosophila prior to contacting said Drosophila with said candidate agent, wherein a change in said phenotype after contacting with said candidate agent is indicative of having identified a candidate agent for treating Alzheimer's disease.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein said transgenic Drosophila is an adult Drosophila.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein said transgenic Drosophila is in its larval stage.
16. The method of claim 13 , wherein said expression control sequence is a tissue specific expression control sequence.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein said expression control sequence comprises a UAS control element.
18. The method of claim 13 , wherein said first DNA sequence is fused to a nucleic acid encoding a signal peptide.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein said signal peptide is a wingless (wg) signal peptide.
20. The method of claim 18 , wherein said signal peptide is a Argos (aos) signal peptide.
21. The transgenic Drosophila of claim 1 , wherein said observable or measurable phenotype is locomotor dysfunction or neural degeneration.
22. A transgenic Drosophila whose genome comprises a first DNA sequence that encodes a human amyloid β peptide Aβ42, and a second DNA sequence that encodes a human Tau protein, wherein each of said first and second DNA sequences is operatively linked to an expression control sequence, wherein said expression control sequence is elav, and wherein said transgenic Drosophila exhibits an altered phenotype selected from the group consisting of locomotor dysfunction and neural degeneration.
23. The method of claim 4 , wherein said method includes, prior to said step of contacting, a step of obtaining said candidate agent.
24. The method of claim 13 , wherein said method includes, prior to said step of contacting, a step of obtaining said candidate agent.