Chemically programmable immunity
The present invention is related to methods and compositions that are capable of immediately immunizing a human or animal against any molecule or compound. The present invention comprises an immunity linker molecule with at least two sites; (1) a first binding site that binds to an immune system molecule in a human or animal that has been preimmunized against the first binding site, and (2) one or more second binding sites that bind specifically to a desired compound or molecule. The first binding site and the second binding site(s) are linked by a linker portion of the molecule.
1. A composition for immunizing a human or animal to a target compound or molecule wherein the human or animal is immunologically naïve to the target compound or molecule comprising:
an immunity linker molecule having
(a) at least one first binding site that binds to an antibody produced by previous immunization of the human or animal with a polysaccharide that is not the target compound or molecule,
(b) a linking portion and
(c) at least one second binding site that binds to a target compound or molecule
wherein the second binding site is an aptamer;
wherein the composition contains an effective amount of immunity linker molecule that provides substantially immediate immunity to the target compound or molecule.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the immunity linker molecule comprises more than one second binding site to the target compound or molecule.
3. A method of immunizing a human or animal against a molecule or compound comprising administering to the human or animal the immunity linker molecule of claim 1 .
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the linking portion comprises a spacer that is double stranded nucleic acid.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the linking portion is a rigid or flexible spacer.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the aptamer comprises nucleic acids containing 2′-fluoro or 2′-amino-2′-deoxypyrimidine.
7. The composition of claim 1 , in a form suitable for intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, oral, or mucosal administration.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the target is a pathogen.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the target is selected from bacteria, fungi, viruses, toxic substances, or drugs.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the target is anthrax, dengue virus, or Marburg virus.
11. A method of establishing immediate immunity to a target in an individual comprising, administering to the individual an effective amount of a composition comprising one or more immunity linkers, wherein the immunity linkers comprise:
a) at least one first binding site that binds to that binds to an antibody produced by previous immunization of the individual with a polysaccharide that is not the target compound or molecule,
b) a linking portion, and
c) at least one second binding site, wherein the second binding site is an aptamer nucleic acid, wherein the second binding site binds to the target, and wherein the individual has a pre-existing immunity to the first binding site.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the pre-existing immunity is induced by administering to the individual an immunizing molecule comprising the first binding site.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the individual is unable to mount an effective immune response to the target prior to administration of the immunity linker.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the immunity is a cellular or humoral immunity.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the composition comprises one or more immunity linkers comprising more than one second binding sites that differ in their specificity for different targets.
16. The method of claim 11 wherein the pre-existing immunity results from an immunizing molecule being administered in combination with an adjuvant and optionally with a booster.
17. The method of claim 11 wherein the immunity linker has more than one second binding site to the target.