Electrode materials derived from polyquinonic ionic compounds and their use in electrochemical generators

1. A redox compound having at least one state of oxidation, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of:

a rhodizonic acid salt represented by formula (I):

a rufigallic acid salt represented by formula (II):

an elagic acid salt represented by formula (III):

a salt of 1,2-dimercaptocyclobytenedione (dithiosquarique) acid represented by formula (IV);

a salt of 1,5 dihydropyrimido[5,4d]pyrimidine 2,4,6,8(3H,7H)tetrone represented by formula (V):

a salt of a dicarboxylic acid comprising groups linked with conjugated segments corresponding to formula (VI):

wherein L is independently CR 5 , N or C—CN, and wherein R 5 is hydrogen, C 1-12 alkyl, C 2-12 alkenyl, C 6-10 aryl, C 6-10 aryl C 1-12 alkyl, C 1-12 alkyl C 6-10 optionally substituted with one or more oxa, aza or thia of from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, and wherein two R 5 can form an alphatic cycle, an aromatic cycle or a heterocycle containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms when both L are CR 5 ;

a salt of formula (VII):

a salt of formula (VIII):

a salt of formula (IX):

a salt of formula (X):

a salt of formula (XI) :

a salt of formula (XII):

a salt of formula (XIII):

a salt of formula (XIV):

a salt of formula (XV) :

a salt of formula (XVI) :

a salt of formula (XVII) :

oxidation compounds of aforesaid salts of formulae (I) to (XVII);

being understood that:

in aforesaid formulae (I) to (XVII), M + represents an alkaline metallic cation, an alkaline-earth cation, a transition metal cation, a rare earth cation, an organometallic cation, an organic cation of the “nium” type, a repetitive unit of a cationic oxidized conjugated polymer, or a monomeric or polymeric cation optionally having a redox character; and M + satisfies with formula n/pM p+ where n is the above mentioned number of cation atoms or molecules given for aforesaid salts and p is the valency of the above mentioned cation atoms or molecules;

in aforesaid formulae (I) to (XVII), the oxygen atoms with a double bond can be replaced with a group —NCN or —C(CN) 2 and oxygen anion O − can be replaced with a group N − —CN or C − —(CN) 2 ; and

wherein the compound is used as a negative electrode component in electrochemical generators when redox couples are comprised between 0.1 and 2V vs. Li + /Li 0 ; or as a positive electrode component in electrochemical generators or as an active or passive electrode in electrochromic devices when redox couples are comprised between 2 and 3.7V vs. Li + /Li 0 .

2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the rhodizonic acid salt is lithium rhodizonate, potassium rhodizonate or copper rhodizonate, or their oxidation products.