Drive isolation transformer controller and method
A transformer controller for a drive isolation transformer is provided. The transformer may include multiple sets of primary windings as an input, and the transformer controller may include multiple branches coupled between a power source and the transformer. Each branch may be coupled to its own primary winding on the transformer, and may include one or more components, such as an isolation switch, a fuse, contactor, or circuit breaker. One or more of the branches may include a pre-charge reactor to limit inrush or capacitor charging current occurring during startup, and may include a pre-charge contactor to remove the pre-charge reactor from the circuit when the startup process has reached a certain level (e.g., the charging or inrush current has dissipated, or a DC bus reaches a charged state).
1. A transformer controller system, comprising:
a first branch configured to be coupled with a power supply and a first three-phase primary winding of a transformer, the first branch comprising a contactor; and
a second branch configured to be coupled with the power supply and a second three-phase primary winding of the transformer, the secondary branch comprising a contactor; and
a logic controller configured to perform the following:
close the contactor of the first branch;
determine when a precharge period has concluded; and
close the contactor of the second branch after the precharge period has concluded.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein said logic controller is configured to determine when said precharge period has concluded by measuring whether the first three-phase primary winding of the transformer has been energized to a steady-state level.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein said logic controller is configured to determine when said precharge period has concluded by measuring when an inrush current has dissipated.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said logic controller is configured to determine when said precharge period has concluded by measuring when a DC bus voltage has reached a predetermined level.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first branch further comprises:
a pre-charge reactor; and
a pre-charge contactor coupled in parallel with the pre-charge reactor, wherein the logic controller is configured to:
open the pre-charge contactor when closing the first contactor of the first branch;
close the pre-charge contactor after a DC bus coupled to the transformer has reached a predetermined charged state; and
close the contactor of the second branch after the first three-phase primary winding of the transformer has been energized and the precharge period has concluded.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the second branch does not have a pre-charge reactor.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein a kilovolt-ampere (kVA) rating of a component of the primary branch is at least a kVA rating of the transformer divided by the number of branches in the transformer controller system that are connected to primary windings of the transformer.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein each branch includes a fuse.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein each branch includes an isolation switch.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein each branch includes a circuit breaker.
11. A method comprising:
closing a switch in a first branch between a power source and a first three-phase primary winding of a transformer while keeping a switch in a second branch between the power source and a second three-phase primary winding of the transformer open; and
closing a switch in the second branch after the first three-phase primary winding of the transformer has been energized and a DC bus voltage has reached a predetermined level.
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
using a pre-charge reactor to limit current in the first branch before the inrush current has dissipated; and
closing a second switch that is in the first branch and parallel to the pre-charge reactor after a DC bus voltage has reached a predetermined level.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein a plurality of branches other than the first branch are coupled between the power source and corresponding sets of three-phase primary windings of the transformer, further comprising sequentially switching said plurality of branches to bring the sequentially-switched branches online.
14. A drive system, comprising:
a transformer having a plurality of distinct electrically parallel primary windings;
a plurality of branches, each branch coupled between a power source and a separate one of the primary windings, and each branch having a switch; and
a controller configured to control the switches to sequentially activate the branches during startup of the drive system, where a second one of said branches is activated responsive to a primary transformer winding coupled to a first one of said branches becoming energized and a DC bus level reaching a predetermined level.
15. The drive system of claim 14 , wherein a first one of said branches includes a pre-charge circuit, and a second one of said branches does not include a pre-charge circuit.
16. The drive system of claim 15 , wherein said pre-charge circuit includes a pre-charge reactor, and a pre-charge contactor electrically parallel to the pre-charge reactor, and said controller is configured to close the pre-charge contactor after the first one of said branches has been energized and any inrush current has dissipated.