Fischer-Tropsch catalyst
The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising particles of a cobalt and zinc co-precipitate, having a volume average particle size of less than 150 μm. Another aspect of the invention is the use of such a catalyst in a Fischer-Tropsch process. The present invention further relates to a method for preparing a catalyst comprising cobalt and zinc oxide, wherein an acidic solution comprising zinc ions and cobalt ions and a alkaline solution are contacted and the precipitate is isolated.
1. Catalyst particles consisting essentially of:
a cobalt and zinc-precipitate;
optionally, one or more promoters selected from a group consisting of ruthenium, hafnium, platinum, zirconium, palladium, rhenium, cerium, lanthanum, and combinations thereof; and
optionally, at least one group IIIa element;
said catalyst particles having a volume average particle size of less than 150 μm and a particle size distribution wherein at least 90% of the volume of the catalyst particles have a size between 0.4 and 2.5 times the average particle size.
2. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the volume average particle size is less than 100 μm.
3. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the pore volume is mainly formed by pores having a diameter within the range of 5-100 nm.
4. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the pore volume is less than 0.5 ml/g.
5. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the surface area is less than 120 m 2 /g.
6. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the zinc to cobalt atomic ratio is in the range of 40 to 0.1.
7. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of particles with a multi-lobed spherical geometry.
8. Catalyst particles according to claim 7 , wherein the multi-lobed particles have a surface area that is at least 1.05 times the surface area of the an equivalent circle, wherein the equivalent circle is defined as the largest circumference circle that can just fit within the outline of the particle, when the particle is projected onto a plane such that the orientation in view presents the maximum possible external surface area that can be seen in any view.
9. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst particles are essentially free of copper.
10. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst particles are essentially free of sodium.
11. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , consisting essentially of particles with an approximately spherical geometry.
12. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the volume average particle size is 2 to 50 μm.
13. Catalyst particles according to claim 1 , wherein the pore volume is less than 0.45 ml/g.
14. Method for preparing a catalyst according to claim 1 , comprising:
supplying in a reactor comprising an aqueous medium an acidic solution comprising zinc ions and cobalt ions and an alkaline solution, thereby producing a precipitate comprising cobalt and zinc;
isolating the precipitate from the aqueous medium; and
drying and post treating the precipitate to form said catalyst particles.
15. Method according to claim 14 , wherein the acidic solution comprises one or more anions selected from the group consisting of nitrate and acetate.
16. Method according to claim 14 , wherein the alkaline solution comprises ammonium.
17. A Fischer-Tropsch process, comprising:
supplying in a reactor a synthesis gas and a mixture comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen;
adding the catalyst particles according to claim 1 to the reactor; and
producing at least one liquid hydrocarbon.
18. The Fischer-Tropsch process according to claim 17 , the reactor is a slurry reactor, a loop reactor, a bubble column or a fluid bed reactor.