Wavy composite structures
Construction and advantages of improved wavy composite structures made from wavy composite, unidirectional composites, and damping materials is revealed. By combining wavy composite laminae in various waveforms, offsets, angular orientations and material combinations, it is possible to provide axial, torsion, or shear properties equivalent to unidirectional materials but without the limitations related to fiber discontinuity, labor costs for fabrication, and weakness at seams where laminates overlap. By combining wavy composite layers with unidirectional crossplies, or by using woven mats with various fill fiber levels where the warp fibers are sinuously arranged, improved strength and damping is possible. Several examples of both wavy crossply laminates and unidirectional crossply laminates are analyzed and compared.
1. A composite structure which comprises:
at least one wavy fiber composite lamina ( 1 );
at least one unidirectional fiber composite lamina ( 4 ) combined, in any stacking sequence, with said at least one wavy composite lamina ( 1 ); and
at least one viscoelastic layer ( 2 ) attached to a side of the combined said at least one wavy composite lamina ( 1 ) and said at least one unidirectional fiber composite lamina ( 4 ) and wherein said viscoelastic layer ( 2 ) is periodically removed across the width of the lamina ( 5 ).
2. A composite structure which comprises:
at least one wavy fiber composite lamina ( 1 );
at least one viscoelastic layer ( 2 ) having a side attached to a surface of said at least one wavy composite layer ( 1 ), wherein said viscoelastic layer is periodically removed across the width of the lamina ( 30 ).
3. The composite structure as stated in claim 2 , wherein:
said viscoelastic layer is joined, along a side other than the side attached to said at least one wavy composite layer ( 1 ), to any structural material.
4. The composite structure as recited in claim 3 , wherein:
said structural material is an isotropic material.
5. The composite structure as recited in claim 3 , wherein:
said structural material is an composite material.
6. A composite structure which comprises:
a first laminate comprising at least one wavy fiber composite lamina ( 1 ) and at least one unidirectional fiber composite lamina ( 4 ) combined, in any stacking sequence, with said at least one wavy composite lamina ( 1 );
at least one viscoelastic layer ( 2 ) attached to a side of said first laminate; and
a second laminate comprising at least one wavy fiber composite lamina ( 3 ) and at least one unidirectional fiber composite lamina ( 4 ) combined, in any stacking sequence, with said at least one wavy composite lamina ( 3 ), wherein the wavy fiber composite lamina of said second laminate has a waveform opposing the wavy fiber composite lamina of said first laminate, and wherein said second laminate is attached to a side of said viscoelastic layer other than the side of said viscoelasatic layer that is attached to said first laminate; and
wherein said viscoelastic layer is periodically removed allowing said first and said second laminates to combine.
7. The composite structure as recited in claim 6 , wherein:
said area between said first and said second laminate where said viscoelastic material is removed is filled with a composite material.
8. A composite structure which comprises:
a first laminate comprising at least one wavy fiber composite lamina ( 1 ) and at least one unidirectional fiber composite lamina ( 4 ) combined, in any stacking sequence, with said at least one wavy composite lamina ( 1 );
at least one viscoelastic layer ( 2 ) attached to a side of said first laminate; and
a second laminate comprising at least one wavy fiber composite lamina ( 3 ) wheein the wavy fiber composite lamina of said second laminate has a waveform opposing the wavy fiber composite lamina of said first laminate, and wherein said second laminate is attached to a side of said viscoelastic layer other than the side of said viscoelastic layer that is attached to said first laminate; and
wherein said viscoelastic layer is periodically removed allowing said first and said second laminates to combine.