Quaternary ammonium salt detergents for use in fuels
A quaternary ammonium salt detergent made from the reaction product of the reaction of: (a) a hydrocarbyl substituted acylating agent and a compound having an oxygen or nitrogen atom capable of condensing with said acylating agent and further having a tertiary amino group; and (b) a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen and the use of such quaternary ammonium salt detergents in a fuel composition to reduce intake valve deposits.
1. A method of improving the power loss performance of an internal combustion engine comprising:
A. supplying to said engine a fuel composition comprising:
i. a fuel which is liquid at room temperature; and
ii. quaternary ammonium salt comprising the reaction product of:
(a) the reaction of a hydrocarbyl substituted acylating agent and a compound having an oxygen or nitrogen atom capable of condensing with said acylating agent and further having a tertiary amino group; and
(b) a quaternizing agent suitable for converting the tertiary amino group to a quaternary nitrogen
wherein the quaternizing agent is selected from the group consisting of: (i) hydrocarbyl substituted carbonates; (ii) hydrocarbyl epoxides in combination with an acid; or (iii) mixtures thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the fuel is gasoline, diesel fuel, an oxygen containing composition, or combinations thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the fuel has:
(i) a sulfur content on a weight basis of 5000 ppm or less; (ii) an alkali metal content of 0 to 1000 ppm; or (iii) combinations thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent is polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound of (a) is a N-methyl-1,3-diaminopropane.