Phosphoramidate compounds and methods of use
Phosphoramidate derivatives of nucleotides and their use in the treatment of cancer are described. The base moieties of, for example, each of deoxyuridine, cytarabine, gemcitabine and citidine may be substituted at the 5-position. The phosphoramidate moiety has attached to the P atom an aryl-O moiety and an α-amino acid moiety. The α-amino acid moiety may correspond to or be derived from either a naturally occurring or a non-naturally occurring amino acid.
1. A chemical compound having formula I:
wherein:
R is selected from the group comprising alkyl, aryl and alkylaryl;
R′ and R″ are independently selected from the group comprising H, alkyl and alkylaryl, or
R′ and R″ together form an alkylene chain so as to provide, together with the C atom to which they are attached, a cyclic system;
Q is selected from the group comprising —O— and —CH 2 —;
X and Y are independently selected from the group comprising H, halogen, OH and —CH 3 ;
Ar is a monocyclic aromatic ring moiety or a fused bicyclic aromatic ring moiety, either of which said ring moieties is carbocyclic or heterocyclic and is optionally substituted, any such substituent being selected from the group comprising halogen, halomethyl, oxo, hyroxy, carboxy, carboxyC 1-16 alkyl, alkoxy, alkoyl, alkoyloxy, aryloxy, aryloyl, aryloyloxy, amino, C 1-6 alkylamino, diC 1-6 alkylamino, cyano, azide, nitro, thiol, C 1-6 alkylthiol, sulphony, sulphoxide, heteocyclic groups, alkyl groups and aryl groups;
Z is H,
n is 0,
Z′ is —NH 2 and a double bond exists between position 3 and position 4,
or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative of a compound of formula I the derivative which upon administration to a recipient is capable of providing directly or indirectly a compound of formula I.
2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R is selected from the group comprising a C 1-16 primary or secondary alkyl group, a C 5-7 carbocyclic aryl group or a C 1-6 alkylC 5-11 aryl group.
3. A compound according to claim 2 wherein R is selected from the group CH 3 , —C 2 H 5 and —CH 2 C 6 H 5 .
4. A compound according to claim 3 wherein R is —CH 2 C 6 H 5 .
5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein Ar is an optionally substituted C 6 monocyclic aromatic ring moiety.
6. A compound according to claim 5 wherein Ar is selected from the group comprising —C 6 H 5 , pCF 3 C 6 H 4 —, pFC 6 H 4 —, pNO 2 C 6 H 4 —, pClC 6 H 4 — and oClC 6 H 4 —.
7. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R′ and R″ are, independently, selected from the group comprising H, C 1-6 primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl, C 1-3 alkylC 5-7 aryl, or, when together they form an alkylene chain, they provide, together with the C atom to which they are attached, a C 3-8 carbocyclic aliphatic ring.
8. A compound according to claim 7 wherein R′ and R″ are, independently, selected from the group comprising H, methyl, benzyl and CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 , or, R′ and R″ together with the C atom to which they are attached, provide a C 5-6 ring.
9. A compound according to claim 8 wherein R′ and R″ are each methyl.
10. A compound according to claim 8 wherein one of R′ and R″ is H and one of R′ and R″ is methyl.
11. A compound according to claim 8 wherein R′ and R″, together with the C atom to which they are attached, provide a pentyl ring.
12. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R′ and R″ correspond to the side chains of a naturally occurring amino acid.
13. A compound according to claim 1 wherein Q is O.
14. A compound according to claim 1 wherein, each of X and Y is F.
15. A compound according to claim 1 wherein, X is OH and Y is H.
16. A compound according to claim 1 wherein, X is H and Y is OH.
17. A compound selected from the group comprising:
Gemcitabine-[phenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate;
Gemcitabine-[para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-L-alaninyl)]-phosphate and
Gemcitabine-[para-chlorophenyl-(benzoxy-α,α-dimethylglycinyl)]-phosphate.
18. A compound according to claim 1 for use in the treatment of cancer.
19. A method for the treatment of cancer comprising administration to a patient in need of such treatment an effective dose of a compound according to claim 1 .
20. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
21. A method of preparing a pharmaceutical composition comprising the step of combining a compound according to claim 1 with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, carrier or diluent.
22. A process for the preparation of a compound of formula I according to claim 1 , the process comprising reacting of a compound of formula (III):
with a compound of formula (IV)
wherein Ar, n, Q, R, R′, R″, X, Y, Z and Z′ ″ have the meanings described in claim 1 and a double bond exists between position 3 and position 4.