Method, chip, device and system for extraction of biological materials
The present invention relates to a method, a chip, a device and a system for extraction of biological material form biological cells. The invention involves exposing the biological particles to an alternating electric field in a sample chamber and may also involve subsequent analysis of the biological material after the extraction.
1. A method for extracting biological material from a bacterial spore, the method comprising the steps of:
a) providing a sample chamber and a first and a second electrode, the first and the second electrode and the sample chamber being so positioned that at least a part of the sample chamber is between the first and the second electrode, said sample chamber having a volume of at most 500 μL,
b) providing a liquid sample in the sample chamber, which liquid sample comprises a bacterial spore,
c) exposing said liquid sample to an alternating electric field in said sample chamber, said alternating electric field being provided by the first and the second electrode and having a sufficient amplitude so as to extract biological material from the bacterial spore, and
d) performing an analysis on a part of the exposed liquid sample, said part comprising extracted biological material from the bacterial spore.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first and the second electrode are separated by a distance being at the most 20 mm.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bacterial spore is either attached to and/or located between the first and the second electrode.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the frequency of the alternating electric field is at least 5 kHz.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the frequency of the alternating electric field is at the least 100 kHz.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alternating electric field is created by modulating the polarity of the first and the second electrode.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alternating electric field has a form chosen from the group consisting of: rectangular, sinusoidal, saw-tooth, asymmetrical triangular, symmetric triangular; or any combination thereof.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the alternating electric field, in the frequency domain, comprises at least a first and a second frequency component.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the biological material comprises a component selected from the group consisting of a cell organelle, a genetic material, and a protein.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the genetic material comprises chromosomal DNA and/or plasmid DNA and/or any type of RNA.
11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the protein is selected from the group consisting of enzymes, structural proteins, transport proteins, ion channels, toxins, hormones, and receptors.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bacterial spore is selected from the genus Bacillus and/or the genus Clostridium.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the bacterial spore is from the Bacillus group.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the bacterial spore is Bacillus anthracis.