Apparatus and method for low-complexity scheduling in multi-user MIMO system
Provided is an apparatus and method for low-complexity scheduling in a multi-user Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system. In a method for scheduling in a MIMO system, a vector is set on the basis of channel information for all user terminals. A scalar for the vector is initialized. A user terminal that has the greatest scalar among unselected user terminals is selected. A user set is updated by adding the selected user terminal therein. The vector and the scalar for a user terminal not included in the user set are updated. Accordingly, a high transmission capacity can be provided while minimizing the influence of an interference signal. Also, the computation amount can be reduced greatly.
1. A method for scheduling in a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system, comprising the steps of:
setting a vector, for each of a plurality of user terminals, based on channel state information from a respective user terminal, and computing a scalar, for each of the plurality of user terminals, from a respective vector, wherein the scalar indicates a channel state of the respective user terminal;
selecting a user terminal that has a greatest scalar among unselected user terminals;
updating a user set by adding the selected user terminal therein; and
updating a vector and a scalar for each user terminal not included in the user set such that an attribute of a preselected user terminal is removed.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vector and the scalar are updated by projecting a vector of the user terminal not included in the user set on a null space of a subspace that has the selected user terminal as the basis.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vector b k is set as
b k =h k
where h k is a (1×N) vector of complex numbers that indicates a channel between a k th user terminal and a transmitter and k denotes a search parameter for 1 through K user terminals.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vector b k is set as
b k =√{square root over (ρ k )}h k
where b k denotes a vector of a k th user terminal, h k is a (1×N) vector of complex numbers that indicates a channel between the k th user terminal and a transmitter, ρ k denotes channel quality information, and k denotes a search parameter for 1 through K user terminals.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the scalar p k is initialized as
p k =∥b k ∥ 2
where b k denotes a vector of a k th user terminal, the scalar p k is a value indicating the channel state of each user terminal, which is used as a condition value for a scheduling process, and k denotes a search parameter for 1 through K user terminals.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the above steps are repeated as many times as a number of user terminals that are to receive data simultaneously.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vector is set to one of an eigenvector computed using a channel matrix of each user terminal, a product of the computed eigenvector and an eigenvalue corresponding to the computed eigenvector, and a size of channel state information of each user terminal.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising normalizing a vector of the selected user terminal after the step of updating the user set.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the normalizing step comprises the step of initializing the vector of the selected user terminal as
b u n =b u n /√{square root over (p u n )}
where u n denotes a selected user terminal, b u n denotes a vector of the selected user terminal u n , and p u n a scalar of the selected user terminal u n .
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the vector and the scalar are updated as
b k =b k −( h k b u n−1 *) b u n−1
p k =b k h k *
where b k denotes a vector of the k th user terminal, p k denotes a scalar of the k th user terminal, h k is a (1×N) vector of complex numbers that indicates a channel between the k th user terminal and a transmitter, * denotes a complex transpose, k denotes a search parameter for 1 through K user terminals, and u n−1 denotes the preselected user terminal.
11. An apparatus for scheduling in a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) system, comprising:
a channel state feedback unit for estimating a channel state and feeding back channel state information; and
a multi-user scheduler for setting a vector, for each of a plurality of user terminals, based on channel state information from a respective user terminal, and computing a scalar, for each of the plurality of user terminals, from a respective vector, wherein the scalar indicates a channel state of the respective user terminal, selecting a user terminal that has the greatest scalar among unselected user terminals, updating a user set by adding the selected user terminal therein, and updating a vector and a scalar for each user terminal not included in the user set such that an attribute of a preselected user terminal is removed.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the multi-user scheduler repeats the above steps as many times as a number of user terminals that will receive data simultaneously.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising:
an information collector for outputting data of selected user terminals among all of the user terminals; and
a preprocessor for precoding data corresponding to the selected user terminals in a predefined scheme and transmitting resulting data to respective users through a predetermined number of TX antennas.
14. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the multi-user scheduler normalizes a vector of the selected user terminal after updating the user set.