Induction motor for loudspeaker
An audio loudspeaker having an induction motor whose yoke components are formed of powdered iron or other material which is highly magnetically permeable and highly electrically resistive. The oscillating magnetic flux caused by the alternating current applied to the primary coil induces eddy currents in the shorted turn secondary coil but not in the yoke components. This reduces heating of the yoke components, reduces flux modulation, and reduces wasted power.
1. An electromagnetic transducer comprising:
a diaphragm assembly including,
a diaphragm; and
an induction motor including,
a yoke comprised of a material including a multitude of small, magnetically conductive particles which are electrically insulated from each other,
a permanent magnet,
a stationary primary coil for conducting an alternating current voice signal,
a magnetic air gap, and
a shorted turn coil disposed within the magnetic air gap and mechanically coupled to drive the diaphragm.
2. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 1 wherein the material comprises:
powdered iron.
3. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 2 wherein:
the powdered iron is sintered.
4. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 2 wherein the material further comprises:
a binder impregnated with the powdered iron.
5. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 1 further comprising:
a frame coupled to the induction motor; and
a surround coupling the diaphragm to the frame.
6. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 1 further comprising:
legs coupling the shorted turn coil to the diaphragm.
7. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 1 wherein the induction motor further comprises:
a magnetically conductive cap coupled to the yoke so as to substantially magnetically seal the magnetic air gap.
8. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 7 wherein:
the cap comprises a material including a multitude of small, magnetically conductive particles which are electrically insulated from each other.
9. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 8 wherein:
the cap and the yoke are comprised of a same material.
10. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 7 wherein:
the cap includes a plurality of holes; and
the induction motor further includes a plurality of legs coupling the shorted turn coil to the diaphragm, each leg extending through a respective hole in the cap.
11. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 1 wherein:
the yoke comprises a cup including a back plate portion, a polepiece portion, and an outer cylinder portion;
the permanent magnet comprises at least one radially charged magnet segment disposed against one of an inner surface of the outer cylinder portion and an outer surface of the polepiece portion;
the secondary coil is disposed against the other of the inner surface of the outer cylinder portion and the outer surface of the polepiece portion;
wherein the magnetic air gap is between the permanent magnet and the primary coil.
12. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 11 wherein the induction motor further comprises:
a magnetically conductive cap coupled to the yoke so as to substantially magnetically seal the magnetic air gap; and
legs coupling the shorted turn coil to the diaphragm, wherein the legs extend through holes in the cap.
13. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 1 wherein:
the yoke comprises a cup including a back plate portion and an outer cylinder portion;
the induction motor further includes,
a magnetically conductive cap coupled to the yoke so as to substantially magnetically seal the magnetic air gap, and
a center pole magnetically coupled to the back plate portion and to the cap;
the permanent magnet comprises at least one radially charged magnet segment disposed against one of an inner surface of the outer cylinder portion and an outer surface of the center pole;
the secondary coil is disposed against the other of the inner surface of the outer cylinder portion and the outer surface of the center pole;
wherein the magnetic air gap is between the permanent magnet and the primary coil.
14. The electromagnetic transducer of claim 13 wherein:
the center pole is of monolithic construction with the cap.
15. A loudspeaker induction motor comprising:
a cup having a back plate portion and an outer cylinder portion;
a polepiece disposed within the cup and having a first end magnetically coupled to the back plate portion;
a cap magnetically coupling a second end of the polepiece to the outer cylinder portion and having a plurality of holes therethrough;
a radially charged permanent magnet magnetically coupled against one of an inner surface of the cup and an outer surface of the polepiece;
an electrically conductive, multi-winding primary coil disposed against the other of the inner surface of the cup and the outer surface of the polepiece;
a short-circuited secondary coil disposed between the magnet and the primary coil;
a plurality of legs coupled to the secondary coil and each extending through a respective one of the holes through the cap;
wherein at least one of the cup, the polepiece, and the cap comprises powdered metal impregnated in a binding material.
16. The loudspeaker induction motor of claim 15 wherein:
at least two of the cup, the polepiece, and the cap are formed of powdered soft magnetic metal.
17. The loudspeaker induction motor of claim 16 wherein:
each of the cup, the polepiece, and the cap comprises powdered soft magnetic metal.
18. The loudspeaker induction motor of claim 15 wherein a powdered soft magnetic metal comprises:
powdered iron.
19. The loudspeaker induction motor of claim 15 wherein the secondary coil comprises:
only a single turn.
20. The loudspeaker induction motor of claim 15 wherein the motor comprises:
a compression driver.
21. The loudspeaker induction motor of claim 20 wherein the motor further comprises:
a phase plug formed of powdered soft magnetic metal.