High-resolution X-ray optic and method for constructing an X-ray optic
Described are optical apparatuses and methods for forming optical apparatuses. The optical apparatus includes a plurality of individually fabricated segments and a holder. Each of the plurality of individually fabricated segments include an inner annular surface and an outer contact surface opposite to the inner annular surface. Each of the inner annular reflecting surfaces define a longitudinal segment axis. The holder contacts each of the outer contact surfaces of the plurality of individually fabricated segments. Each of the longitudinal segment axes of the plurality of individually fabricated segments are linearly aligned.
1. An optical apparatus comprising:
a plurality of individually fabricated segments each comprising an inner annular reflecting surface and an outer contact surface opposite to the inner annular reflecting surface, each of the inner annular reflecting surfaces defining a longitudinal segment axis; and
a holder contacting each of the outer contact surfaces of the plurality of individually fabricated segments, wherein each of the longitudinal segment axes of the plurality of individually fabricated segments are linearly aligned.
2. The optical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the optical apparatus comprises an X-ray grazing incident apparatus.
3. The optical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the optical apparatus comprises an EUV or soft X-ray grazing incident apparatus.
4. The optical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the inner annular reflecting surfaces of the plurality of individually fabricated segments comprise an internal reflecting surface that defines a radiation channel.
5. The optical apparatus of claim 4 wherein the radiation channel is aligned along the linearly aligned longitudinal segment axes.
6. The optical apparatus of claim 4 wherein one or more inner annular reflecting surfaces of the plurality of individually fabricated segments are conical in shape.
7. The optical apparatus of claim 4 wherein the radiation channel is substantially ellipsoidal in shape.
8. The optical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the individually fabricated segments comprise machined segments, electroformed segments, polished segments, or any combination thereof.
9. The optical apparatus of claim 1 wherein the individually fabricated segments comprise nickel, nickel-copper alloy, copper plated with nickel, aluminum plated with nickel, or any combination thereof.
10. A method of manufacturing an optical apparatus, the method comprising:
providing a plurality of individually fabricated segments each comprising an inner annular reflecting surface and an outer contact surface opposite to the inner annular reflecting surface, each of the inner annular reflecting surfaces defining a longitudinal segment axis;
providing a holder; and
positioning each of the individually fabricated segments in the holder by having the holder contact the outer contact surfaces, wherein each of the longitudinal segment axes of the plurality of individually fabricated segments are linearly aligned.
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the optical apparatus comprises an X-ray grazing incident apparatus.
12. The method of claim 10 wherein the optical apparatus comprises an EUV grazing incident apparatus.
13. The method of claim 10 wherein the inner annular reflecting surfaces of the plurality of individually fabricated segments comprise an internal reflecting surface that defines a radiation channel.
14. The method of claim 13 wherein the radiation channel is aligned along the linearly aligned longitudinal segment axes.
15. The method of claim 13 wherein one or more inner annular reflecting surfaces of the plurality of individually fabricated segments are conical in shape.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the radiation channel is substantially ellipsoidal in shape.
17. The method of claim 10 further comprising machining one or more segments to form one or more of the individually fabricated segments.
18. The method of claim 10 further comprising electroforming one or more segments to form one or more of the individually fabricated segments.
19. The method of claim 10 further comprising polishing one or more segments to form one or more of the individually fabricated segments.
20. The method of claim 10 wherein the individually fabricated segments comprise nickel, nickel-copper alloy, copper plated with nickel, aluminum plated with nickel, or any combination thereof.
21. An optical apparatus comprising:
a plurality of individually fabricated segments each comprising a means for reflecting radiation, each of the means for reflecting radiation defining a longitudinal segment axis; and
a holder means for linearly aligning each of the longitudinal segment axes of the plurality of individually fabricated segments; each of the plurality of individually fabricated segments further including means for contacting the holder.