Interspinous vertebral implant

1. An interspinous vertebral implant comprising:

at least two supports defining in their center part respective fixation bodies to accept spinal processes of two respective vertebrae, said fixation bodies being located in the same plane of symmetry;

at least two elastic bodies that are elastically compressible in the direction of the spine, said elastically compressible bodies being arranged between said supports and on each side of said plane; and

at least two rigid guides engaged with said supports, wherein at least one of its extremities comprises an abutment to cooperate with an abutment of the corresponding support to limit the separation of said at least two supports in the direction of the spine.

2. An interspinous vertebral implant comprising:

at least first and second supports defining in their center part respective fixation bodies to accept spinal processes of two respective vertebrae, said fixation bodies being located in the same sagittal plane;

at least first and second elastic bodies that are elastically compressible in the direction of the spine, said elastically compressible bodies being arranged between said supports and on each side of said sagittal plane;

at least first and second rigid guides being engaged with said supports, wherein at one of its extremities comprises an abutment to cooperate with an abutment of the corresponding support to limit the separation of said supports in the direction of the spine.

3. The interspinous vertebral implant of claim 2 , comprising:

first and second supports defining in their center part respective fixation bodies to accept spinal processes of two respective vertebrae, said fixation bodies being located in the same sagittal plane;

first and second elastic bodies that are elastically compressible in the direction of the spine, said elastically compressible bodies being arranged between said first and second supports and on each side of said sagittal plane;

first and second rigid guides around which are arranged, respectively, said first and second elastically compressible bodies, each of said first and second guides being connected at one of its extremities to one of said supports and at least one of its extremities comprising an abutment to cooperate with an abutment of the corresponding support to limit the separation of said first and second supports in the direction of the spine.

4. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said abutments of said guides maintain the elastically compressible bodies in a pre-loaded state.

5. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 4 , wherein said elastically compressible bodies are made of a visco-elastic material.

6. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said implant comprises a clearance between each guide and at least one of said first and second supports to allow relative inclination and axial rotation movement of said first and second supports.

7. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 6 , wherein said supports respectively, define in a central zone, located between said elastically compressible bodies, a female part comprising a bore and a male part assembled to slide axially in the bore with a clearance allowing relative inclination movements of supports, the male part and the bore having a non-circular shape to limit relative axial rotation movements of supports, said clearance being smaller than the clearance between the guide and the supports such that said relative inclination and axial rotation movements are limited by the assembly of male and female parts and not by the assembly of the guide and supports.

8. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said guide are fastened at one of their extremities in one of supports and have an abutment at the other extremity.

9. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 7 , wherein said guide are fastened at one of their extremities in one of supports and have an abutment at the other extremity.

10. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 6 , wherein at least one said extremities of each of said guide has a spherical shape favoring an inclination of supports, one in comparison to the other.

11. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 10 , wherein at least one said extremities of each of said guide has a spherical shape favoring an inclination of supports, one in comparison to the other.

12. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 10 , wherein said spherical shaped extremity, or, at least one spherical shaped extremities of each guide comprises a screw nut of spherical shape.

13. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 11 , wherein said spherical shaped extremity, or, at least one spherical shaped extremities of each guide comprises a screw nut of spherical shape.

14. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said supports further define respective stops located between the elastically compressible bodies and being able to come in contact with each other, to limit the compression of the elastically compressible bodies.

15. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 7 , wherein said supports further define respective stops located between the elastically compressible bodies and being able to come in contact with each other, to limit the compression of the elastically compressible bodies.

16. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said supports are in the shape of plates intended to be placed between spinal processes and having said fixation bodies.

17. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 7 , wherein said supports are in the shape of plates intended to be placed between spinal processes and having said fixation bodies.

18. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 14 , wherein said supports are in the shape of plates intended to be placed between spinal processes and having said fixation bodies.

19. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein said fixation bodies each define a casing intended to receive a spinal process.

20. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 7 , wherein said fixation bodies each define a casing intended to receive a spinal process.

21. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 14 , wherein said fixation bodies each define a casing intended to receive a spinal process.

22. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 16 , wherein said fixation bodies each define a casing intended to receive a spinal process.

23. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 19 , wherein said distance (d) between the respective bottoms of the casings is substantially equal to the height (h) of the elastically compressible bodies.

24. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 23 , wherein said distance (d) is inferior to said height (h).

25. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

26. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 7 wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

27. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 14 , wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

28. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 16 , wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

29. A device comprising the interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 2 or 3 and a stop part intended to remain free at proximity of said implant and adapted to stop without knotting end parts of a ligament for maintaining of the implant between the spinal processes.

30. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 7 , wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

31. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 14 , wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

32. The interspinous vertebral implant according to claim 16 , wherein each of said fixation bodies comprise fins between which can be received a spinal process, said fins each comprising a hole allowing the passage of a ligament.

33. The device according claim 29 , wherein said stop part comprises an annular part and parallel strips folded back over the annular part.

34. The device according claim 30 , wherein said stop part comprises an annular part and parallel strips folded back over the annular part.

35. The device according claim 31 , wherein said stop part comprises an annular part and parallel strips folded back over the annular part.

36. The device according claim 32 , wherein said stop part comprises an annular part and parallel strips folded back over the annular part.