Solid-state image pickup apparatus having effective and non-effective pixel portions, and driving method therefor
A solid-state image pickup device includes an effective pixel portion in which effective pixels are arranged in a matrix, the effective pixels each including a photoelectric conversion unit and outputting a first signal, a non-effective pixel portion in which non-effective pixels are arranged in at least one row, the non-effective pixels each including no photoelectric conversion unit and outputting a second signal, a vertical scanning unit for selecting each row of pixels in the effective and non-effective pixel portions, and an input section for externally receiving a third signal used to change a driving mode of the solid-state image pickup device. The vertical scanning unit begins electronic shutter scanning upon pixels in the effective pixel portion and causes each of pixels in the non-effective pixel portion to output the second signal after the input section has received the third signal and before the first signal is output.
1. A solid-state image pickup device comprising:
an effective-pixel portion in which effective pixels including photoelectric conversion units that convert incident light into charge are arranged in a matrix;
a non-effective-pixel portion in which non-effective pixels that include no photoelectric conversion unit are arranged in at least one row; and
a vertical scanning unit that selects the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion and the non-effective-pixel portion on a row-by-row basis,
the solid-state image pickup device outputting first signals based on the effective-pixel portion and second signals based on the non-effective-pixel portion,
wherein the solid-state image pickup device further includes an input section that receives, from outside, a third signal for switching between driving modes of the solid-state image pickup device, and
wherein the vertical scanning unit starts performing electronic shutter scanning on the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion and causes only the second signals to be output immediately after the input section has received the third signal until the first signals are output.
2. The solid-state image pickup device according to claim 1 , wherein the driving modes include any one of an adding mode, in which the first signals output from the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion are added to one another, an all-pixel reading mode, in which the first signals output from all of the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion are read independently from one another, a partial pixel reading mode, in which the first signals are read from only some of the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion, and power-on of the solid-state image pickup device.
3. The solid-state image pickup device according to claim 1 , further comprising a column amplification unit which is provided for columns in the effective-pixel portion and whose gain is variable, wherein the driving modes include setting of the gain.
4. The solid-state image pickup device according to claim 1 , wherein the number of rows in the non-effective-pixel portion from which the vertical scanning unit causes the second signals to be output immediately after the input section has received the third signal until the first signals are output is equal to the number of rows in the effective-pixel portion from which the first signals are caused to be output during one frame time period in the switched driving mode.
5. The solid-state image pickup device according to claim 1 , wherein the number of rows in the non-effective-pixel portion is equal to or smaller than one tenth of the number of rows in the effective-pixel portion.
6. The solid-state image pickup device according to claim 5 , wherein the number of rows in the non-effective-pixel portion is equal to or smaller than 100, and wherein the vertical scanning unit causes the second signals to be output, a plurality of times, from at least one row of pixels in the non-effective-pixel portion immediately after switching between the drive modes has been performed until the first signals are output.
7. The solid-state image pickup device according to claim 1 , wherein the vertical scanning unit includes:
an electronic shutter scanning unit that selects the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion on a row-by-row basis to reset the photoelectric conversion units; and
a read scanning unit that selects the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel section and the non-effective-pixel section on a row-by-row basis to cause the first signals to be output;
wherein the electronic shutter scanning unit resets the photoelectric conversion units arranged in the effective-pixel portion in a time period in which the read scanning unit selects the non-effective-pixels to cause the second signals to be output, and
wherein the read scanning unit starts an operation of selecting the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion after reset of the photoelectric conversion units has been performed by the electronic shutter scanning unit.
8. A method for driving a solid-state image pickup device, the solid-state image pickup device including:
an effective-pixel portion in which effective pixels including photoelectric conversion units that convert incident light into charge are arranged in a matrix;
a non-effective-pixel portion in which non-effective-pixels that include no photoelectric conversion unit are arranged in at least one row; and
a vertical scanning unit that selects the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion and the non-effective-pixel portion on a row-by-row basis,
the solid-state image pickup device outputting first signals based on the effective-pixel portion and second signals based on the non-effective-pixel portion;
wherein the method comprises:
driving the solid-state image pickup device in two or more driving modes; and
starting performing electronic shutter scanning on the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion and causing only the second signals to be output immediatel' after switching between the drive modes has been performed until the first signals are output.
9. The method for driving the solid-state image pickup device according to claim 8 , wherein the driving modes include any one of an adding mode, in which the first signals output from the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion are added to one another, an all-pixel reading mode, in which the first signals output from all of the pixels arranged in the effective pixel portion are read independently from one another, a partial pixel reading mode, in which the first signals are read from only some of the pixels arranged in the effective-pixel portion, and power-on of the solid-state image pickup device.
10. The method for driving the solid-state image pickup device according to claim 8 , wherein the solid-state image pickup device further includes a column amplification unit which is provided for columns in the effective-pixel portion and whose gain is variable, and wherein the driving modes include setting of the gain.
11. The method for driving the solid-state image pickup device according to claim 8 , wherein the number of rows in the non-effective-pixel portion from which the second signals are caused to be output immediately after switching between the driving modes has been performed until the first signals are output is equal to the number of rows in the effective-pixel portion from which outputting is performed during one frame time period in the switched driving mode.