Block copolymers containing functional groups
View Patent ↗The present invention provides a block copolymer of styrene and an unsaturated cyclic anhydride, such as maleic anhydride, a process for making a copolymer using controlled free radical polymerization in which certain parameters are adjusted to control the microstructure and molecular weight of the copolymer, and a method for using the block copolymer, including as a compatibilizer. Microstructure and molecular weight in the block copolymer can be controlled by adjusting the ratio of stable free radical to initiator. The copolymer can be made in a one step process and has a controlled microstructure that allows one block to be reactive toward several chemical moieties available in engineering polymers and the other block to be fully miscible with polystyrene or polymers miscible with polystyrene or polymers miscible with polystyrene such as polyphenylene ether.
1. A thermoplastic polymer composition, comprising:
(i) 1-20 wt % of a block copolymer comprising first and second blocks, wherein the first block comprises a copolymer of styrene and an unsaturated cyclic anhydride (UCA) and the second block comprises polystyrene, and wherein the block copolymer has no more than about 18 wt % UCA, a polydispersity between about 1.2 and about 3 and a number average molecular weight greater than about 25,000;
(ii) 1-98 wt % engineering thermoplastic having functional groups capable of reacting with or compatible with the first block of the block copolymer; and
(iii) 1-98 wt % thermoplastic polymer with polymer segments compatible or miscible with the second block of the block copolymer.
2. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the block copolymer is made by the process comprising the steps of:
(a) making a first block by reacting styrene monomer, an unsaturated cyclic anhydride (UCA) monomer, a free radical initiator and a stable free radical;
(b) making a second block by continuing the reaction in step (a) after the UCA monomer is essentially depleted; and
(c) recovering a block copolymer consisting essentially of the first and second blocks, wherein the block copolymer has a number average molecular weight greater than about 25,000.
3. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 2 , wherein the number average molecular weight of the block copolymer is less than about 200,000.
4. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 3 , wherein UCA in the block copolymer is maleic anhydride, and wherein the block copolymer comprises between about 0.1 and about 8 weight percent maleic anhydride.
5. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 4 , wherein the engineering thermoplastic is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic or aromatic polycarbonates, polyesters, polyamides, polyphenylene ether, and mixtures thereof.
6. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 5 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is high-impact polystyrene, a block copolymer of styrene and butadiene, or a styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.
7. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the engineering thermoplastic is a polyamide and the thermoplastic polymer is
a high-impact polystyrene and/or a styrene-butadiene block copolymer and/or polyphenylene ether and/or a mixture of polyphenylene ether and polystyrene.
8. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is polystyrene and/or a high-impact polystyrene and/or a styrene-butadiene block copolymer and the engineering thermoplastic is
a) an aromatic polycarbonate;
b) a polyethylene terephthalate; or
c) a polybutylene terephthalate.
9. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 1 , wherein the engineering thermoplastic has a functional group selected from the group consisting of amino (NH2), amide (NH), carboxyl (COOH) and hydroxyl (OH).
10. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 9 , wherein the UCA is maleic anhydride.
11. The thermoplastic polymer composition of claim 10 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is high-impact polystyrene, a block copolymer of styrene and butadiene, or a styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.