Anode for secondary battery and secondary battery using the same
A secondary battery includes an anode for a secondary battery, a cathode which absorbs and discharges lithium ions, and an electrolyte which is placed between the anode for the secondary battery and the cathode. The anode for the secondary battery includes an anode active material layer which absorbs and discharges lithium ions, the anode active material layer including a first layer including carbon as a chief ingredient, and a second layer including at least one first element having a theoretical capacity greater than a theoretical capacity of graphite, and at least one second element which has a theoretical capacity equal to or less than the theoretical capacity of graphite. The second layer includes particles, and the particles include the first element and the second element.
1. A secondary battery comprising:
an anode for a secondary battery;
a cathode which absorbs and discharges lithium ions; and
an electrolyte which is placed between said anode for the secondary battery and said cathode,
wherein said anode for the secondary battery comprises:
an anode active material layer which absorbs and discharges lithium ions, said anode active material layer comprising:
a first layer comprising carbon as a chief ingredient; and
a second layer comprising:
at least one first element having a theoretical capacity greater than a theoretical capacity of graphite; and
at least one second element which has a theoretical capacity equal to or less than the theoretical capacity of graphite, and
wherein said second layer includes particles, and said particles include said first element and said second element.
2. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein surfaces of said particles including said first element are coated with said second element.
3. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein surfaces of said particles including said second element are coated with said first element.
4. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein said particles are formed by any of a CVD method, a deposition method, a sputtering method, a mechanical milling method and a mechanical alloy method.
5. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein said second element comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of C, Fe and Cu.
6. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein said first element comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn, Al, Pb, Pd, Ag, In and Cd.
7. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising:
a layer comprising Li or a Li compound.
8. The secondary battery according to claim 7 , wherein said Li compound includes LiF or Li 2 O.
9. The secondary battery according to claim 5 , wherein said first element comprises at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, Sn, Al, Pb, Pd, Ag, In and Cd.
10. The secondary battery according to claim 9 , further comprising:
a layer comprising Li or a Li compound.
11. The secondary battery according to claim 10 , wherein said Li compound includes LiF or Li 2 O.
12. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising a third layer comprising Li or Li compound.
13. The secondary battery according to claim 12 , wherein said Li compound comprises LiF or Li 2 O.
14. The secondary battery according to claim 12 , further comprising a fourth layer comprising a lithium ion conductive property.
15. The secondary battery according to claim 14 , wherein said fourth layer is formed between said first layer and said third layer.
16. The secondary battery according to claim 14 , wherein said fourth layer comprises materials selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, DLC, a Li 2 O—SiO 2 based compound, a Li 2 O—B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 based compound, a Li 2 O—B 2 O 3 —P 2 O 5 based compound, a Li 2 O—WO 3 based compound, a Li 2 O—P 2 O 5 —SiO 2 based compound, and a Li 2 O—B 2 O 3 based compound.
17. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , wherein a volume A of said at least one first element and a volume B of said at least one second element satisfy 0.001≦B/(A+B)≦0.5.
18. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising a collector placed adjacent to said first layer.
19. The secondary battery according to claim 1 , further comprising a collector placed adjacent to said second layer.