Organometallic films, methods for applying organometallic films to substrates and substrates coated with such films
Organometallic coatings or films, substrates coated with such films and methods for applying the films to the substrates are disclosed. The organometallic film or coating is derived from a transition metal compound containing both halide ligands and alkoxide ligands. Coated articles comprising polymer substrates and adhered to the substrate surface an organometallic film in which the metal comprises halide and alkoxide ligands are also disclosed.
1. A method of depositing an organometallic coating to a substrate comprising:
(a) contacting the surface of the substrate with a metal compound having both halide and alkoxide ligands so as to deposit a film on the substrate surface,
(b) exposing the film to conditions sufficient to form a polymeric metal oxide with alkoxide and hydroxyl ligands;
the method being further characterized such that the substrate prior to deposition has groups on its surface that are reactive with the alkoxide and/or hydroxyl groups of the polymeric metal oxide.
2. The method of claim 1 in which the halide ligand is chloride.
3. The method of claim 1 in which the film is exposed to conditions resulting in hydrolysis and self-condensation of the alkoxide group.
4. The method of claim 3 in which the conditions sufficient are exposure of the film to a moisture-containing atmosphere.
5. The method of claim 1 in which the metal is selected from Ti, Zr, La, Hf, Ta and W.
6. The method of claim 1 in which the substrate is selected from a metal, metal oxide, metalloid, polymer, ceramic and glass.
7. The method of claim 1 in which the groups on the surface of the substrate prior to deposition are oxide and/or hydroxyl groups.
8. The method of claim 7 in which the polymeric metal oxide is covalently bonded to the substrate.
9. The method of claim 8 in which the covalent bond is formed through reaction of the surface oxide and/or hydroxyl groups with alkoxide and/or hydroxyl groups associated with the polymeric metal oxide.
10. The method of claim 1 which includes an additional step of applying a different film to the polymeric metal oxide film.
11. The method of claim 10 in which the different film is deposited from an organophosphorus acid.
12. The method of claim 11 in which the organophosphorus acid is a phosphonic acid.