Biomass hydrolysate and uses and production thereof
The present invention includes a palatable, stable composition comprising a biomass hydrolysate emulsion for incorporation, into, or used as, nutritional products, cosmetic products or pharmaceutical products. Preferred sources for biomass are microbial sources, plant sources and animal sources. The present invention also provides methods for making such compositions, specifically, a method for producing a product comprising a nutrient, particularly a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, comprising hydrolyzing a biomass comprising the nutrient and emulsifying the hydrolyzed biomass. Such compositions and methods are useful, for example, for increasing intake of nutrients such as omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids having 18 or more carbons.
1. A method for producing a stable liquid emulsion comprising at least one long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA), said method comprising:
a) hydrolyzing a microbial biomass comprising the at least one LC-PUFA to produce a hydrolyzed biomass comprising the at least one LC-PUFA and microbial cell particulates wherein said microbial biomass is a microorganism of the genus Schizochytrium ; and
b) emulsifying the hydrolyzed biomass to form a stable liquid emulsion comprising the at least one LC-PUFA and the microbial cell particulates wherein the stable liquid emulsion does not form separate phases after storage at room temperature for at least one week.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising drying the stable liquid emulsion.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the stable emulsion comprising the at least one LC-PUFA and the microbial cell particulates is dried by a method selected from the group consisting of membrane filter press drying, spray drying, fluidized bed drying, lyophilization, freeze drying, tray drying, vacuum tray drying, drum drying, vacuum mixer/reactor drying, excipient drying, solvent drying, fluidized spray drying, conveyer drying, ultrafiltration, evaporation, osmotic dehydration, freezing, absorbent addition, extrusion and a combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stable emulsion is extruded.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein a stabilizing agent is added to said stable liquid emulsion prior to drying the stable emulsion.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the stabilizing agent is selected from the group consisting of microencapsulants, surfactants, emulsion stabilizers and a combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrolyzing the microbial biomass is selected from the group consisting of enzymatic hydrolysis, chemical disruption, physical-mechanical disruption, physical-non-mechanical disruption and a combination thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrolyzing the microbial biomass is enzymatic hydrolysis.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrolyzing the microbial biomass is chemical disruption.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hydrolyzing the microbial biomass is physical-non-mechanical cell disruption.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting browning reaction products with the hydrolyzed biomass.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the emulsifying is selected from the group consisting of mechanical agitation, ultrasonic vibration, heating, and combinations thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least one LC-PUFA has a carbon chain length of at least 18.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the at least one LC-PUFA has a carbon chain length of at least 22.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the at least one LC-PUFA comprises an LC-PUFA selected from the group consisting of docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, and mixtures thereof.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the stable liquid emulsion produced is more stable than the hydrolyzed biomass before b).
17. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding an ingredient selected from the group consisting of flavors, flavor enhancers, sweeteners, pigments, vitamins, minerals, pre-biotic compounds, pro-biotic compounds, therapeutic ingredients, medicinal ingredients, functional food ingredients, food ingredients, and combinations thereof.
18. The method of claim 1 , further comprising pretreating the microbial biomass.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the pretreating the microbial biomass is selected from the group consisting of pasteurization, heat shocking, washing, adding antioxidants, pH adjusting, adding omega-3 fatty acids, shearing/cell weakening and combinations thereof.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microbial biomass is previously dried and reconstituted.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microbial biomass is in a fermentation broth.
22. A method for producing a stable liquid emulsion comprising a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA), said method comprising:
a) hydrolyzing a microbial biomass comprising the LC-PUFA to produce a hydrolyzed biomass comprising the LC-PUFA and microbial cell particulates wherein said microbial biomass is a microorganism of the genus Schizochytrium;
b) emulsifying the hydrolyzed biomass to form a stable liquid emulsion comprising the LC-PUFA and the microbial cell particulates wherein the stable liquid emulsion does not form separate phases after storage at room temperature for at least one week; and
c) storing the stable liquid emulsion.
23. The method of claim 1 , wherein the microbial cell particulates are selected from the group consisting of cell membrane fragments, nuclei fragments, intracellular components, and mixtures thereof.
24. The method of claim 22 , wherein the microbial cell particulates are selected from the group consisting of cell membrane fragments, nuclei fragments, intracellular components, and mixtures thereof.