Glycerophospholipids containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and their use in the treatment and improvement of cognitive functions
Disclosed herein is a lipid preparation, said preparation comprising a phosphatidylserine moiety, and poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) acyl groups, particularly long-chain poly-unsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) acyl groups such as omega-3 and/or omega-6 acyl groups, wherein said PUFA is covalently bound to said glycerophospholipid. Said lipid preparations are particularly useful in the treatment of mental and cognitive disorders, e.g. ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and Alzheimer's disease. The disclosed preparations present improved bioactivity, and are useful in the treatment of various cognitive and mental conditions and disorders, as well as for maintenance of normal functions of brain-related systems and processes.
1. A preparation comprising serine glycerophospholipids which comprise a mixture of serine glycerophospholipids comprising eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and serine glycerophospholipids comprising docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), wherein each such serine glycerophospholipid comprising EPA and each such serine glycerophospholipid comprising DHA has the formula (I):
wherein R″ is serine;
wherein one of R or R′ is acyl EPA or acyl DHA and the other of R or R′ is hydrogen or an acyl group;
wherein the percent by weight of EPA is higher than the percent by weight of DHA in such mixture of serine glycerophospholipids;
wherein the combined amount of EPA and DHA present in such mixture of serine glycerophospholipids constitutes 10-50% by weight of the total fatty acid content of the serine glycerophospholipids in said preparation; and
wherein the mixture is not identical to naturally occurring human or mammalian brain phosphatidylserine (PS).
2. The preparation of claim 1 , wherein said glycerophospholipid conjugate is prepared by enzymatic transphosphatidylation of a lipid source, said source being selected from the group consisting of a marine, a plant, an animal and a microorganism source.
3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising the preparation of claim 1 and at least one pharmaceutically acceptable additive, diluent or excipient.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 3 , further comprising at least one additional pharmaceutically active agent.
5. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 3 , wherein said composition is in the form of a tablet, capsule, injectable or patch.
6. A nutraceutical composition comprising the preparation of claim 1 .
7. The nutraceutical composition of claim 6 , in the form of softgel capsule, tablet, syrup, or other dietary supplement delivery system.
8. A functional food article comprising the preparation of claim 1 .
9. The food article of claim 8 , wherein said article is a dairy product, ice cream, biscuit, soy product, cake, pastry, bread, sauce, soup, prepared food, instant food, frozen food, condiment, confectionary, oil, fat, margarine, spread, filling, cereal, instant product, drink, shake, infant formula, infant food, mashed fruit, vegetable, cereal, bar, snack, candy or chocolate product.