Method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework and a nanoporous framework thus produced
The invention concerns a method for manufacturing nanoporous metal oxide or metal active sites frameworks in which the metal oxide precursor is distributed into the framework in the form of a metal soap surfactant. The invention also covers a nanostructure framework comprising metal oxide active sites which are evenly distributed in the framework.
1. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites using a metal soap surfactant as a metal oxide precursor to incorporate metal oxide sites into the nanoporous framework, the method comprising:
(A) preparing a solution of a metal soap surfactant, wherein the metal soap surfactant is a laurate, stearate, palmitate, or caprylate of a metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, aluminium, titanium, silicon, indium, tin, thallium, lead, bismuth, lanthanum, cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, dysprosium, homium, erbium, and mixtures thereof,
(B) mixing the metal soap surfactant solution with a condensing framework,
(C) curing the mixture for forming a stable organic metal-centre/inorganic porous composite,
(D) removing the soap by heat and/or chemical treatment thereby forming a metal oxide nanoporous framework.
2. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises mixing the metal soap surfactant solution of (A) with a co-structure directing agent (CSDA).
3. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 2 , wherein the condensing framework comprises a metal nitride, chloride, sulphate or isopropoxide.
4. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 2 , wherein the condensing framework includes a silica source compound.
5. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 4 , wherein the silica is removed after curing.
6. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 5 , wherein an additional step is performed under which the metal oxide/oxides active sites are reduced to metallic state.
7. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 2 , wherein the condensing framework is a metal oxide precursor.
8. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 7 , wherein the metal oxide precursor is an alkoxide containing either the same or other metal oxide or oxides as in the metal soap prepared under (A).
9. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 2 , wherein the metal soap surfactant comprises more than one metal.
10. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 2 , wherein ordering of the framework through induced phase transformations by addition of the CSDA is followed by control of time-of-addition of adding the condensing framework.
11. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 1 , wherein the condensing framework includes a silica source compound.
12. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 11 , wherein the silica is removed after curing.
13. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 12 , wherein an additional step is performed under which the metal oxide/oxides active sites are reduced to metallic state.
14. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 1 , wherein the condensing framework is a metal oxide precursor.
15. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 14 , wherein the metal oxide precursor is an alkoxide containing either the same or other metal oxide or oxides as in the metal soap prepared under (A).
16. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 1 , wherein the metal soap surfactant comprises more than one metal.
17. A method for manufacturing a nanoporous framework containing metal oxide active sites according to claim 1 , wherein the condensing framework comprises a metal nitride, chloride, sulphate or isopropoxide.