Cyanine dyes and their applications as luminescence quenching compounds
The quenching compounds of the invention are weakly luminescent cyanines that are substituted by one or more heteroaromatic quenching moieties. The quenching compounds of the invention exhibit little or no observable luminescence and efficiently quench a broad spectrum of luminescent compounds. The chemically reactive quenching compounds possess utility for labeling a wide variety of substances, including biomolecules. These labeled substances are highly useful for a variety of energy-transfer assays and applications.
1. A compound having the following structure:
wherein R 1 to R 3 , R 6 , R 8 to R 11 and R 13 to R 16 are hydrogen, alkyl having from 1-20 carbons, alkoxy having from 1-20 carbons, trifluoromethyl, halogen, methylthio, sulfonyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, or nitro, and wherein R 4 is a chemically reactive group, and wherein R 5 is an alkyl having from 1-20 carbons, and wherein R 7 is a thiophene or a substituted thiophene.
2. The compound according to claim 1 , wherein the chemically reactive group is a carboxylic acid, an activated carboxylic ester, a sulfonyl chloride, an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an acyl azide, an aldehyde, an anhydride, an acyl chloride, an aziridine, an epoxide, a halotriazine, an imido ester, a haloacetamide, a maleimide, an alcohol, a phosphoramidite, an aryl azide, a reactive platinum complex or psoralen.
3. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein R15 and R16 are hydrogen or alkyl having from 1-20 carbons.
4. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein R 13 is trifluoromethyl, halogen, methylthio, sulfonyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, or nitro.
5. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein R 1 to R 3 are hydrogen.
6. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein R 8 to R 11 are hydrogen.
7. The compound according to claim 3 , wherein R 15 and R 16 are alkyl having from 1-20 carbons.
8. The compound according to claim 7 , wherein the chemically reactive group is a carboxylic acid, an activated carboxylic ester, an acyl azide or a haloacetamide.
9. The compound according to claim 8 , wherein R 13 is trifluoromethyl, halogen, methylthio, sulfonyl, carbonyl, hydroxyl, amino, thiol, or nitro.
10. The compound according to claim 9 , wherein R 1 to R 3 are hydrogen.