Structures for supporting electrode elements
A catheter assembly comprises a first branch body having a first axis, a second branch body extending in a non-parallel relationship with respect to the first axis, and at least one electrode carried by the second branch body. In use, the first branch body can be located within a pulmonary vein within the left atrium, while the electrode carried by the second branch body is located in contact with endocardial tissue outside the pulmonary vein. Ablation energy can be transmitted from the electrode to contacted endocardial tissue while the first branch body is located within the pulmonary vein.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
a catheter defining a distal portion, a distal end, a proximal end and a lumen;
a structure, associated with the distal end of the catheter, including
a first member having a distal portion fixedly positioned adjacent to the catheter distal end, a proximal portion that extends through catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter, and a loop portion between the distal portion and the proximal portion, and
a second member having a distal end attached to the first member loop portion, a distal portion that extends through the distal end of the catheter, and a proximal portion that extends through the catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter; and
at least one operative element mounted on the first member loop portion.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first member comprises a first spline.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first member loop portion is preformed in a normally bowed condition.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second member distal end is movable along the first member loop portion.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4 , further comprising:
a cap that attaches the second member distal end to the first member loop portion, the cap including a passage through which the first member loop portion extends.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the second member is formed from shape memory material that bends into a predetermined shape at body temperature.
7. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
a sleeve secured to the first member loop portion;
wherein the at least one operative element is carried on the sleeve.
8. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one operative element comprises a plurality of spaced operative elements.
9. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the plurality of spaced operative elements comprises a plurality of spaced electrodes.
10. An apparatus as claimed in claim 8 , wherein all of the operative elements are located on the same side of the second member distal end.
11. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the first member distal portion is secured to the catheter distal end.
12. An apparatus, comprising:
a catheter defining a distal end, a proximal end and a lumen;
a structure, associated with the distal end of the catheter, including
a first member having a distal portion fixedly positioned adjacent to the catheter distal end, a proximal portion that extends through catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter, and a loop portion between the distal portion and the proximal portion, and
a second member having a distal end attached to, and movable along, the first member loop portion and a proximal portion that extends through the catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter,
at least one steering wire longitudinally movable relative to the second member and secured thereto such that the second member will bend relative to the catheter in response to the application of pulling force to the steering wire; and
at least one operative element mounted on the first member loop portion.
13. An apparatus as claimed in claim 12 , wherein the at least one operative element comprises a plurality of spaced operative elements.
14. An apparatus as claimed in claim 13 , wherein the plurality of spaced operative elements comprises a plurality of spaced electrodes.
15. An apparatus, comprising:
a catheter defining a distal end, a proximal end and a lumen;
a structure, associated with the distal end of the catheter, including
a first member having a distal portion fixedly positioned adjacent to the catheter distal end, a proximal portion that extends through catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter, and a loop portion between the distal portion and the proximal portion,
a second member having a distal end attached to the first member loop portion and a proximal portion that extends through the catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter,
a third member having a distal portion fixedly positioned adjacent to the catheter distal end, a proximal portion that extends through catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter, and a loop portion between the distal portion and the proximal portion, and
a fourth member having a distal portion fixedly positioned adjacent to the catheter distal end, a proximal portion that extends through catheter lumen to the catheter proximal end and is longitudinally movable relative to the catheter, and a loop portion between the distal portion and the proximal portion,
wherein no operative elements are carried on the third member and fourth member loop portions; and
at least one operative element mounted on the first member loop portion.
16. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15 , further comprising:
a cap that attaches the second member distal end to the first member loop portion, the cap including a passage through which the first member loop portion, third member loop portion and fourth member loop portion extend.
17. An apparatus as claimed in claim 16 , wherein the at least one operative element comprises a plurality of spaced operative elements.
18. An apparatus as claimed in claim 17 , wherein all of the operative elements are located on the same side of the second member distal end.
19. An apparatus as claimed in claim 15 , wherein the first, third and fourth members comprise first, third and fourth splines.
20. An apparatus as claimed in claim 19 , wherein the second member comprises a second spline.