Hierarchical mesoporous carbon, method of manufacturing the same, and fuel cell using the same
A hierarchical mesoporous carbon is provided in which a total volume of mesopores of the hierarchical mesoporous carbon is 80% or greater of a total volume of pores of the hierarchical mesoporous carbon; a volume of mesopores with a average diameter greater than 20 nm and no greater than 50 nm is 3% or greater of the total volume of the pores; and a volume of mesopores with a average diameter greater than 2 nm and no greater than 10 nm is 65% or greater of the total volume of the pores. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon, which also contains macropores, has an optimized mesoporous distribution characteristic, and has an increased total volume of pores, thereby having a significantly improved catalytic activity when used as a catalyst support. When such a supported catalyst including the hierarchical mesoporous carbon as a support is used in a fuel cell, supply of fuel and transporting of byproducts are facilitated.
1. A hierarchical mesoporous carbon including regularly arranged mesopores and randomly dispersed macropores, wherein a total volume of mesopores is at least 80% of a total volume of pores; a volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 20 nm and no greater than 50 nm comprises at least 3% of the total volume of the pores; and a volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 2 nm and no greater than 10 nm comprises at least 65% of the total volume of the pores.
2. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 2 nm and no greater than 50 nm is 80 to 90% of the total volume of the pores.
3. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 2 nm and no greater than 10 nm is 65 to 85.1% of the total volume of the pores.
4. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 20 nm and no greater than 50 nm is 3 to 4.5% of the total volume of the pores.
5. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 10 nm and no greater than 20 nm is 6 to 10% of the total volume of the pores.
6. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the main peak of a Bragg angle 2 θ with regards to CuK-α X-ray wavelength 1.541 Å appears at least at 2 degrees or below.
7. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein a BET surface area of the hierarchical mesoporous carbon is 500 m 2 /g or greater.
8. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the total volume of the pores is 1.5 to 1.7 cm 3 /g.
9. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein:
the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 2 nm and no greater than 10 nm is 69.2 to 78.0% of the total volume of the pores,
the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 10 nm and no greater than 20 nm is 7.4 to 9.5% of the total volume of the pores, and
the volume of mesopores with an average diameter greater than 20 nm and no greater than 50 nm is 3.2 to 4.2% of the total volume of the pores.
10. The hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , wherein the volume of macropores with an average diameter greater than 50 nm is 8.8 to 14.5%.
11. A support catalyst including a hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 , and metal catalyst particles supported on the hierarchical mesoporous carbon.
12. A fuel cell including a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte placed between the cathode and the anode, wherein at least one of the cathode and the anode is composed of a support catalyst including a hierarchical mesoporous carbon of claim 1 and a metal catalyst particle supported on the hierarchical mesoporous carbon.