Phenanthrene derivative

1. A compound of the formula (1)

wherein the symbols and indices are defined as follows:

R 1 and R 3

is the same or different at each instance and is H, F, a straight-chain alkyl chain having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl chain which has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by R 11 , and in which one or more hydrogen atoms in the straight chain or branched alkyl chain is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more R 11 radicals; with the proviso that at least one of the two radicals R 1 and R 3 is not H;

R 2 and R 4

is the same or different at each instance and is R 1 , or R 2 and R 4 are not substituents but instead together form a bond, so as to result in a phenanthrene system instead of the dihydrophenanthrene system;

R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10

is the same or different at each instance and is H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO 2 , B(OR 11 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy chain having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chain having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, each of which is optionally substituted by R 11 , and in which one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms optionally is replaced by N—R 11 , S, CO, O—CO—O, CO—O, SO, SO 2 , POR 11 , —CR 11 ═CR 11 — or —C≡C— and in which one or more hydrogen atoms is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more R 11 radicals; in this structure, two or more R 5 to R 10 radicals together optionally form a further mono- or polycyclic ring system;

X is the same or different at each instance and is —CR 11 ═CR 11 —, —C≡C—, C(═O), S(═O), S(═O) 2 , P(═O)(Y) or —(NY)—;

Y is the same or different at each instance and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more R 11 radicals or unsubstituted; in this structure, two or more Y groups together optionally form a ring system;

R 11 is the same or different at each instance and is H, a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy chain having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chain having 3 to 22 carbon atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms in each case is optionally replaced by O, S, SO, SO 2 , CO, O—CO—O, CO—O, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, and in which one or more hydrogen atoms is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, or an aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 40 carbon atoms and is optionally be substituted by one or more non-aromatic R 11 radicals; in this structure;

n is the same or different at each instance and is 0 or 1;

m is the same or different at each instance and is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one index m is not equal to 0, and with the further proviso that neither index m is equal to 0 if both n=0;

with the proviso that at least two of the substituents R 1 to R 4 are not H when the compound of the formula (1) is a tetrahydropyrene system, and with the proviso that the following compound is excluded from the invention:

2. A compound of the formula (1)

wherein the symbols and indices are defined as follows:

R 1 and R 3

is the same or different at each instance and is H, F, a straight-chain alkyl chain having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl chain which has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted by R 11 , and in which one or more hydrogen atoms in the straight chain, branched or cyclic alkyl chain is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, with the proviso that at least one of the two radicals R 1 and R 3 is not H;

R 2 and R 4

together form a bond, so as to result in a phenanthrene system instead of the dihydrophenanthrene system;

R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10

is the same or different at each instance and is H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO 2 , B(OR 11 ) 2 , a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy chain having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chain having 3 to 40 carbon atoms, each of which is optionally substituted by R 11 , and in which one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms optionally is replaced by N—R 11 , O, S, CO, O—CO—O, CO—O, SO, SO 2 , POR 11 , —CR 11 ═CR 11 — or —C≡C—, and in which one or more hydrogen atoms is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more R 11 radicals; in this structure, two or more R 5 to R 10 radicals together optionally form a further mono- or polycyclic ring system;

X is the same or different at each instance and is —CR 11 ═CR 11 —, —C≡C—, C(═O), S(═O), S(═O) 2 , P(═O)(Y) or —(NY)—;

Y is the same or different at each instance and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and is optionally substituted by one or more R 11 radicals or unsubstituted; in this structure, two or more Y groups together optionally form a ring system;

R 11 is the same or different at each instance and is H, a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy chain having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy chain having 3 to 22 carbon atoms, in which one or more non-adjacent carbon atoms in each case is optionally replaced by O, S, SO, SO 2 , CO, O—CO—O, CO—O, —CH═CH—, —C≡C—, and in which one or more hydrogen atoms is optionally replaced by F, Cl, Br, I or CN, or an aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 40 carbon atoms and is optionally be substituted by one or more non-aromatic R 11 radicals; in this structure;

n is the same or different at each instance and is 0 or 1;

m is the same or different at each instance and is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, with the proviso that at least one index m is not equal to 0, and with the further proviso that neither index m is equal to 0 if both n=0;

with the proviso that at least two of the substituents R 1 to R 4 are not H when the compound of the formula (1) is a tetrahydropyrene system, and with the proviso that the following compound is excluded from the invention:

3. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein at least one of the substituents Y contains at least one fused polycyclic aromatic ring system or an aza heterocycle.

4. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein the compound has a symmetrical structure.

5. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein n=0 for the use of the compound as a host material.

6. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein at least one n=1 for the use of the compound as an emitting material (dopant), wherein the corresponding m=1, 2, 3 or 4, and that at least one X=—CR 11 — or —C≡C—.

7. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein at least one n=1 for the use of the compound as a hole transport material, wherein the corresponding m=1, 2, 3 or 4, and that at least one X=N—Y.

8. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein at least one n=1 for the use of the compound as a triplet matrix material, wherein the corresponding m=1, 2, 3 or 4, and that at least one X=C(═O), S(═O), S(═O) 2 or P(═O)(Y).

9. The compound according to claim 2 , wherein the compound is selected from the structures (1) to (6), (8) to (11), (13)-(16), (19) and (21-23)

10. A mixture which comprises at least one compound according to claim 2 , and a host material or a dopant.

11. An organic electronic device comprising an anode, a cathode and at least one compound according to claim 2 .

12. The organic electronic device according to claim 11 , wherein the device is an organic electroluminescent device (OLED), an organic field-effect transistor (O-FET), an organic thin-film transistor (O-TFT), an organic integrated circuit (O-IC), an organic solar cell (O-SC), an organic field-quench device (O-FQD), an organic light-emitting transistor (O-LET), a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) or an organic laser diode (O-laser).

13. An organic electroluminescent device comprising the compound according to claim 2 as a host material together with a dopant which can emit light from the singlet or from the triplet state, or as a dopant together with a host material, or as a hole transport material.

14. A mixture which comprises at least one compound according to claim 9 , and a host material or a dopant.

15. An organic electronic device comprising an anode, a cathode and at least one compound according to claim 9 .

16. The organic electronic device according to claim 15 , wherein the device is an organic electroluminescent device (OLED), an organic field-effect transistor (O-FET), an organic thin-film transistor (O-TFT), an organic integrated circuit (O-IC), an organic solar cell (O-SC), an organic field-quench device (O-FQD), an organic light-emitting transistor (O-LET), a light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC) or an organic laser diode (O-laser).

17. An organic electroluminescent device comprising the compound according to claim 9 as a host material together with a dopant which can emit light from the singlet or from the triplet state, or as a dopant together with a host material, or as a hole transport material.