Bioactive peptides
The present invention provides a cytotoxic 7 to 25-mer peptide with three or more cationic residues which has one or more non-generic bulky and lipophilic amino acids, as well as esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives thereof as well as methods of preparing the peptides, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and their use as medicaments, particularly as antibacterial or antitumor agents.
1. A method of treating tumours in a patient in need of such treatment comprising the administration to said patient of a peptide selected from the group consisting of a cytotoxic 7-25 mer peptide with three or more cationic residues, modified at its N-terminal amino acid by a lipophilic cyclic group comprising 5 non-hydrogen atoms; a cytotoxic 7-25 mer peptide with three or more cationic residues, modified at its C-terminal amino acid by a lipophilic group comprising at least 6 non-hydrogen; and esters, amides, salts and cyclic derivatives of said peptides.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said peptide has 7-15 amino acids.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group comprises 6 non-hydrogen atoms.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group is a polycyclic group wherein the cyclic groups are fused or bridged.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein said peptide has a di- or tri-alkylated N-terminal amine.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group is an alkyl group having the formula CH 3 (CH 2 ) n , wherein n is between 5 and 20.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group is an alkyl group having the formula CH 3 (CH 2 ) n , wherein n is between 10 and 12.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group is an acyl group having between 6 and 21 carbon atoms.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group is an acyl group having between 11 and 13 carbon atoms.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic cyclic group (R) is attached to the N-terminal amine via a linking moiety selected from a carbonyl group (RCO), carbamate (ROCO), a linker which forms urea (RNHCO or R 2 NCO) or by a linker which forms a sulfonamide, boronamide or phosphoramide.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein said peptide has a lipophilic group comprising at least 4 non-hydrogen atoms attached to its C-terminal carboxy group.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic group has 10 or more non hydrogen atoms.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic group incorporates a cyclic group.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein said lipophilic group (R) is attached to the C-terminal carboxy group via a linking moiety selected from OR, NH—R, NR 2 and B—(OR) 2 .