Apparatus and method for dispensing foam onto substrates of large width
A method for dispensing a foamed material onto a substrate surface, including: generating a relative movement between the substrate surface to be coated and an exit opening of a material dispensing apparatus, mixing at least two material components in a mixing device to provide a free-flowing, foamable dispensing material, generating a pressure differential between the mixing device and the dispensing region located downstream in the direction of flow from a discharge cross-section of the exit opening, conveying the dispensing material from the mixing device for the dispensing material to the exit opening, and discharging the dispensing material from the exit opening onto the substrate surface. The dispensing material be kept under such a pressure in the region adjacent to and upstream from the discharge cross-section of the exit opening that the dispensing material in this region has a foaming rate that is less than 10% of the foaming rate which ensues at the end of the foaming process.
1. An apparatus for dispensing a foamed material onto a substrate surface, comprising:
a mixing device adapted to be in fluid connection with at least two sources of material components and including a mixing unit for mixing the material components fed from the two sources to form a free-flowing, foamable dispensing material,
a dispensing head in fluid communication with the mixing device and including an exit opening defining a discharge cross-section producing a flow resistance to the dispensing material flowing through the discharge cross-section, the exit opening also defining a dispensing region located downstream in a direction of flow from the discharge cross-section and an upstream region located upstream in a direction of flow from the discharge cross-section, and
a first feed pump for generating a pressure differential between the mixing device and the dispensing region,
wherein the discharge cross-section is dimensioned to maintain a pressure of the dispensing material located in the upstream region such that the dispensing material in the upstream region exhibits a first foaming rate which is less than 10% of a second foaming rate occurring at the end of the foaming process following discharge from the exit opening, and
wherein the dispensing head also includes at least one second feed pump.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the discharge cross-section is dimensioned to maintain the pressure of the dispensing material located in the upstream region such that the dispensing material in the upstream region includes no gaseous portion.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a cooling device for cooling the dispensing material located in the upstream region.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the first feed pump operates at a feed rate, and the apparatus further comprises:
a pressure sensor adapted to detect the pressure of the dispensing material located in the upstream region and adapted to produce a signal corresponding to the pressure of the dispensing material, and
a regulating device adapted to receive the signal from the pressure sensor and adapted to regulate the feed rate of the first feed pump, in response to the signal, such that the pressure of the dispensing material located in the upstream region remains constant.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a volumetrically conveying, dispensing material feed pump for conveying the dispensing material to the exit opening.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the substrate surface moves relative to the exit opening along a movement direction, and the discharge cross-section of the exit opening defines a slot oriented parallel to the substrate surface and oriented transversely to the movement direction.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
a feed line coupling the mixing device to the dispensing head so that the mixing device is spaced from the dispensing head.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the dispensing head includes a plurality of second feed pumps operating fluid-mechanically parallel to each other, the exit opening is divided into a plurality of exit opening sections, and each of the plurality of second feed pumps conveys dispensing material to one of the plurality of exit opening sections.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 , wherein the second feed pump operates at a second feed rate, and the apparatus further comprises:
a pressure sensor adapted to detect the pressure of the dispensing material located inside the dispensing head, and
a regulating device for regulating the second feed rate of the second feed pump disposed in response to the detected pressure, such that the dispensing material located in the dispensing head either exhibits the first foaming rate or includes no gaseous portion.
10. An apparatus for dispensing a foamed material onto a substrate surface, comprising:
a mixing device adapted to be in fluid connection with at least two sources of material components and including a mixing unit for mixing the material components fed from the two sources to form a free-flowing, foamable dispensing material,
an exit opening in fluid communication with the mixing device and defining a discharge cross-section producing a flow resistance to the dispensing material flowing through the discharge cross-section, the exit opening also defining a dispensing region located downstream in a direction of flow from the discharge cross-section and an upstream region located upstream in a direction of flow from the discharge cross-section,
a first feed pump for generating a pressure differential between the mixing device and the dispensing region, and
a plurality of second feed pumps in fluid communication with the exit opening and operating in parallel with each other,
wherein the discharge cross-section is dimensioned to maintain a pressure of the dispensing material located in the upstream region such that the dispensing material in the upstream region exhibits a first foaming rate which is less than 10% of a second foaming rate occurring at the end of the foaming process following discharge from the exit opening,
wherein the substrate surface moves relative to the exit opening along a movement direction, and the discharge cross-section of the exit opening defines a slot oriented parallel to the substrate surface and oriented transversely to the movement direction, and
wherein the slot extends along a longitudinal direction and the slot is split transverse to the longitudinal direction into a plurality of slot sections, and each slot section receives dispensing material from one of the plurality of second feed pumps.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein each slot section extends for less than 20 cm.