Lubricant for hydrogen-fueled engines
A lubricant composition of a synthetic oil of lubricating viscosity, 3 to 6 percent by weight of a nitrogen-containing dispersant, 1 to 2.5 weight percent of an overbased magnesium detergent, 1 to 5 weight percent of an antioxidant; and 0.25 to 1.5 weight percent of a friction modifier is useful for lubricating a hydrogen-fueled engine. The composition will typically contain less than 0.01 weight percent Ca, less than 0.01 weight percent Zn, less than 0.06 weight percent P, and will have a sulfated ash level of less than 1.2%.
1. A lubricant composition comprising:
(a) at least one synthetic oil of lubricating viscosity;
(b) about 3 to about 6 percent by weight of at least one nitrogen-containing dispersant;
(c) about 1 to about 2.5 weight percent of at least one overbased magnesium sulfonate detergent;
(d) 1.5 to about 7 weight percent of at least one antioxidant; and
(e) about 0.1 to about 2.5 weight percent of at least one friction modifier selected from the group consisting of fatty esters, fatty amides, amines, sulfur-containing compounds, and borate esters and mixtures thereof;
said composition containing less than about 0.01 weight percent Ca, less than about 0.01 weight percent Zn, about 0.01 to about 0.10 weight percent P, and having a sulfated ash level (ASTM D874) of less than 1.2%.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the synthetic oil of lubricating viscosity comprises at least one poly-α-olefin.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amount of mineral oil in the composition is less than about 10 weight percent.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the synthetic lubricating oil comprises an ester of a dicarboxylic acid or an ester made from a C5 to C12 monocarboxylic acid and a polyol or polyol ether.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nitrogen-containing dispersant is selected from the group consisting of succinimide dispersants, Mannich dispersants, and mixtures thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the nitrogen-containing dispersant is a succinimide dispersant having a TBN of about 100 to about 150.
7. The composition of claim 1 wherein the overbased magnesium sulfonate detergent contributes about 5 to about 12 TBN (ASTM D 4739) to the composition.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of hindered phenolic antioxidants, aromatic amine antioxidants, sulfur-containing antioxidants, and mixtures thereof.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the antioxidant comprises an ester-containing hindered phenol.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the friction modifier is selected from the group consisting of fatty esters, fatty amides, and mixtures thereof.
11. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a phosphorus compound selected from the group consisting of phosphate esters, thiophosphate esters, amine salts of phosphate esters, amine salts of thiophosphate esters, phosphite esters, thiophosphite esters, phosphonates, and phosphosulfurized olefins.
12. The composition of claim 11 wherein the phosphorus compound is a phosphosulfurized olefin.
13. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition is substantially free of an olefin copolymer viscosity index improver.
14. A composition prepared by admixing the components of claim 1 .
15. A method for lubricating an engine, comprising supplying thereto the lubricant composition of claim 1 .
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the engine is a hydrogen-fueled engine.
17. The method of claim 16 wherein the engine is an internal combustion engine.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the engine is fueled by hydrogen from an on-board hydrogen-producing fuel cell.