Bromination process
A bromination process includes contacting fly ash with liquid bromine to increase the mercury adsorbing ability of the fly ash. The resultant brominated fly ash can be used to adsorb mercury in a high temperature combustion gas.
1. A bromination process comprising:
contacting a fly ash substrate with liquid bromine for a sufficient time to increase the mercury adsorbing ability of the fly ash substrate to provide a brominated mercury sorbent capable of adsorbing mercury in a combustion gas.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the liquid bromine has a purity of at least 99.9%.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is wood ash.
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to the contacting, drying the fly ash substrate.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the drying is effected at a temperature of less than 90° C.
6. The process of claim 1 , further comprising, prior to the contacting, drying the fly ash substrate to a moisture content below 5%.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the contacting step comprises combining the fly ash substrate and liquid bromine in a glass container with glass beads.
8. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of reducing the particle size distribution of the fly ash substrate or mercury sorbent to a distribution fluidizable in the ductwork of a combustion gas stream.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is brominated to 1 to 10 weight percent bromine.
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is brominated to 1 to 15 weight percent bromine.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is brominated to 5 to 10 weight percent bromine.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is brominated to 5 to 15 weight percent bromine.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is brominated to 1 to 20 weight percent bromine.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the fly ash substrate is brominated to 5 to 20 weight percent bromine.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the brominated mercury sorbent is capable of adsorbing mercury in a combustion gas at a temperature greater than 60° C.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the contacting step occurs at a temperature greater than 150° C.
17. A method for removing mercury from a mercury-containing combustion gas in an exhaust gas system, comprising the steps of: contacting a fly ash substance with liquid bromine for a sufficient time to increase the mercury adsorbing ability of the fly ash substrate to provide a brominated mercury sorbent; injecting the mercury sorbent into a stream of the mercury-containing combustion gas for a sufficient time to allow at least a portion of the mercury in the combustion gas to adsorb onto the mercury sorbent; and collecting and removing the mercury sorbent from the combustion gas stream.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the liquid bromine has a purity of at least 99.9%.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the fly ash comprises wood ash.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the mercury sorbent has a particle size distribution that is fluidizable in the combustion gas stream.