Compositions for and methods of enhancing the immune response to antigens
Compositions comprising the compound of formula are provided herein. Also provided are methods of enhancing an immune response of a subject to an antigen by administering the antigen and the composition. The enhanced immune response may be an humoral immune response, a CD4+ T cell response, a CD8+ T cell response or result in activation of antigen presenting cells. Methods of enhancing the immune response by intramuscular administration of an antigen and the composition including the compound of formula I are also provided.
1. A method of enhancing an immune response of a subject to an antigen comprising administering an antigen and a composition comprising a compound of formula I:
wherein R 1 is H or —OH, R 2 is —H or —OH, x is an integer from 18 to 26, and n is an integer from 10 to 15, to the subject, wherein the immune response of the subject to the antigen is enhanced relative to an immune response of a control to the antigen.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein x is 23.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein x is 21.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein n is 13.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen and the composition are administered to the subject intramuscularly.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immune response of the subject is enhanced at least 50% relative to the control.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immune response of the subject is enhanced at least 100% relative to the control.
8. Then method of claim 1 , wherein the immune response of the subject is enhanced at least 1000% relative to the control.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen and the composition are administered concurrently.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered via a route selected from the group consisting of intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intradermally, intraperitoneally, intranasally and by inhalation.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enhanced immune response is a humoral immune response of the subject to the antigen, wherein the humoral immune response of the subject to the antigen is enhanced relative to an immune response of a control to the antigen.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the humoral immune response comprises production of IgG antibodies.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the humoral immune response comprises production of IgA antibodies.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enhanced immune response is a CD4+ T cell response of the subject to the antigen, wherein the immune response of the subject to the antigen is enhanced relative to a CD4+ T cell response of a control to the antigen.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the enhanced CD4+ T cell response comprises activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein activation of the CD4+ T lymphocytes comprises an increase in a ThI immune response.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein activation of the CD4+ T lymphocytes comprises an increase in a Th2 immune response.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein activation of the CD4+ T lymphocytes comprises an increase in both a ThI and a Th2 immune response.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enhanced immune response is a CD8+ T cell response of the subject to the antigen, wherein the immune response of the subject to the antigen is enhanced relative to a CD8+ T cell response of a control to the antigen.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the enhanced CD8+ T cell response comprises activation of the CD8+ T lymphocytes.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the activation of the CD8+ T lymphocytes comprises an increase in cytotoxic response.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the enhanced immune response is activation of antigen presenting cells of the subject to the antigen, wherein the immune response of the subject to the antigen is enhanced relative to activation of antigen presenting cells of a control to the antigen.
23. The method of claim 5 , wherein the immune response of the subject is enhanced at least 50% relative to the control.
24. The method of claim 5 , wherein the immune response of the subject is enhanced at least 100% relative to the control.
25. The method of claim 5 , wherein the immune response of the subject is enhanced at least 1000% relative to the control.
26. The method of claim 1 , wherein the antigen and the composition are administered concurrently.
27. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is administered via a route selected from the group consisting of intravenously, intramuscularly, subcutaneously, intradermally, intraperitoneally, intranasally and by inhalation.