Line illumination apparatus using laser arrays
An illumination apparatus forms, onto a linear array light modulator, a line of illumination that extends in a linear direction. The illumination apparatus has a first laser array with laser emitters for forming a first linear beam array and a second laser array with laser emitters for forming a second linear beam array. An array combiner aligns at least the first and second linear beam arrays in the linear direction and directs the first and second linear beam arrays along a propagation path to form a mixed illumination. At least first and second cylindrical lens elements having power in the linear direction relay the mixed illumination from the propagation path toward the linear array light modulator. At least third and fourth cylindrical lens elements having power in the cross-array direction that is orthogonal to the linear direction focus the mixed illumination onto the linear array light modulator.
1. An illumination apparatus for forming, onto a linear array light modulator, a line of illumination that extends in a linear direction, the illumination apparatus comprising:
a) a first laser array comprising a plurality of laser emitters for forming a first linear beam array and, spaced apart from the first laser array, a second laser array in a plane parallel to aplane of the first laser array comprising a plurality of laser emitters for forming a second linear beam array;
b) an array combiner disposed to align at least the first linear beam array and the second linear beam array into a single multi-beam line in the linear direction and to direct the first and second linear beam arrays along a propagation path;
c) at least first and second cylindrical lens elements having power in the linear direction and disposed to relay the single multi-beam line illumination from the propagation path toward the linear array light modulator; and
d) at least third and fourth cylindrical lens elements having power in the cross-array direction that is orthogonal to the linear direction and disposed to focus the single multi-beam line illumination onto the linear array light modulator.
2. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 wherein the array combiner comprises a light guide.
3. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 wherein the array combiner comprises a patterned mirror.
4. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 wherein the array combiner comprises a polarization beam splitter.
5. The illumination apparatus of claim 2 wherein the light guide is a prism having an incident face in the path of the one or more laser beams of the second laser array.
6. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 wherein the at least first and second cylindrical lens elements form a doubly telecentric converter having power in the linear direction.
7. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an integrator for mixing light in the propagation path.
8. The illumination apparatus of claim 7 wherein the integrator comprises a glass plate.
9. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least a fifth cylindrical lens element having power in the cross-array direction and disposed between the array combiner and the first cylindrical lens element and cooperating with the third and fourth cylindrical lens elements to form a zoom lens for the line of illumination in the cross-array direction.
10. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 further comprising an aspheric lens element for providing uniform, telecentric illumination along the linear direction.
11. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one decentered cylindrical lens element disposed to redirect light from the first linear beam array toward the first cylindrical lens element.
12. The illumination apparatus of claim 1 wherein the linear array light modulator is an array of micro-electromechanical devices.
13. An illumination apparatus for forming, onto a linear array light modulator, a line of illumination that extends in a linear direction, the illumination apparatus comprising:
a) a first laser array comprising a plurality of laser emitters for forming a first linear beam array and a second laser array, spaced apart from the first laser array in a plane parallel to a plane of the first laser array and comprising a plurality of laser emitters for forming a second linear beam array;
b) an array combiner disposed to align at least the first linear beam array and the second linear beam array into a single multi-beam line in the linear direction and to direct the first and second linear beam arrays along a propagation path; c) at least first and second cylindrical lens elements having power in the linear direction and disposed to relay the single multi-beam line illumination from the propagation path toward the linear array light modulator; and
d) at least a first zoom lens in the path of the first linear beam array and comprising third, fourth, and fifth cylindrical lens elements having power in the cross-array direction that is orthogonal to the linear direction, wherein at least the third lens element is disposed between the array combiner and the first cylindrical lens element and cooperates with the fourth and fifth cylindrical lens elements to focus the single multi-beam line illumination onto the linear array light modulator in the cross-array direction.
14. The illumination apparatus of claim 13 further comprising an integrator for mixing light in the propagation path.
15. The illumination apparatus of claim 13 wherein the at least first and second cylindrical lens elements form a doubly telecentric converter having power in the linear direction.
16. A display apparatus comprising:
a plurality of color channels, each color channel comprising:
(i) a linear array light modulator;
(ii) an illumination apparatus for forming, onto the linear array light modulator, a line of illumination that extends in a linear direction, the illumination apparatus comprising:
a first laser array comprising a plurality of laser emitters for forming a first linear beam array and, spaced apart from the first laser array, a second laser array comprising a plurality of laser emitters for forming a second linear beam array in a plane parallel to a plane of the first laser array;
an array combiner disposed to align at least the first linear beam array and the second linear beam array into a single multi-beam line in the linear direction and to direct the first and second linear beam arrays along a propagation path to form a single multi-beam line illumination;
at least first and second cylindrical lens elements having power in the linear direction and disposed to relay the mixed illumination from the propagation path toward the linear array light modulator; and
at least third and fourth cylindrical lens elements having power in the cross-array direction that is orthogonal to the linear direction and disposed to focus the single multi-beam line illumination onto the linear array light modulator;
(iii) a turning mirror disposed to redirect the line of illumination from the illumination apparatus onto the linear array light modulator and to block zero order light from the linear array light modulator and to pass higher order modulated light to a color combiner; and
the color combiner disposed to combine the modulated light from each of the plurality of color channels and to direct the combined modulated light through a projection lens and toward a scanning element for scanning onto a display surface.