Multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source
View Patent ↗Multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source capable of dispersing light in flexible distributions or custom-intensity distributions which throw more light forward, to the side alternatively, or in all directions. This optical light control requires multiple-surface manipulation of the directions of the light energy bundles emerging from solid-state light sources. Producing uniform light up to 325 degrees in the vertical direction through the combined implementation of multi-stage light guiding for remote source elongation and multiple-tiers of TIR, refraction, and scatter for remote source emission and control. Combining the efficient light production of an LED chip with that of a directly coupled optic results in high efficiency custom distribution to direct light where required. The optical light manipulator consists of a dielectric or reflector collector section, spline light-pipe section used to clear the cross-sectional area of a thermal dissipation device and a section which either externally, internally, or combinatorially feeds multiple-tier TIR/refractor elements.
1. A multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source comprising:
an LED package comprising;
a light emitting diode chip attached to a thermally conducting, electrically isolating substrate;
a phosphor wavelength conversion layer;
the LED chip is enclosed in an encapsulant lens which boosts light extraction from the chip to the outside air; and
multiple TIR/refractor elements fed light through a multi-stage lightguide.
2. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 1 , further comprising
a multi-chip package in which a chip array pumps an array of wavelength conversion elements to produce white light; and
the white light traverses through the primary light extraction lens.
3. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 2 , wherein the chip array is comprised of both direct emission primary light sources with a full width half maximum wavelength distribution of <50 nm as well as white light elements to enhance CRI or produce different color temperatures of white.
4. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 2 , wherein
excitation or direct emission light is produced through an LED grown on polar c-plane, non-polar a-plane, or m-plane bulk GaN which reduces defects and enhances radiometric light output from a peak wavelength of 340 nm to royal blue 455-463 nm, extending to the longer cyan wavelengths 470-505 nm; and
which in turn pumps either an aluminate green or nitride red luminescent chip directly bonded or deposited to the LED.
5. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 4 , further comprising
a substrate;
a pump chip array;
direct emission chips; and
a hemispherical or wavelength scale light extraction lens.
6. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source comprising
a source to focal line concentration or SLC by means of a TIR lightguide;
a secondary stage internal core light-guide which feeds; and
a plurality of multiple-tier refractor/TIR elements to produce omnidirectional, butterfly, or custom direct/indirect light distributions.
7. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , wherein the primary TIR light guide element forces a portion of the light to first exit to air before interacting with a tree of multiple tier refractors from the outside.
8. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , wherein
an omnidirectional light element is comprised of a light source, TIR spline concentrator, astigmatic TIR light focusing element, and then a series of multiple tier optical devices which redirect light;
a majority of the light exits the primary lightguide and traverses multiple air layers interspersed between combinations of refractor and TIR surfaces;
in each successive tier the light exits a refractor control surface and passes through air then re-enters before side refracting;
light that is not side refracted or dispersed laterally by means of TIR traverses through the air gap to re-enter the next tier; and
light bundles interact with multiple levels of TIR/refractor elements.
9. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , wherein
an optical light-guiding element takes light from the light source and then concentrates using a primary TIR surface;
at the upper part of the TIR lightguide the surface shape gradually allows a majority of the light to refract outward to air in a lateral and indirect distribution;
the light is directed from the inward light guide core outward, and allows a reduced quantity of light to re-enter succeeding multiple tiers of light control elements;
the narrower lightguide section serves to frustrate TIR light and to push the light outward to the side;
a portion of the light is allowed to internally lightguide to succeeding multiple tier TIR/refraction dispersion elements; and
the aspect ratio of the narrower lightguide element can be changed to produce more extreme back reflecting light as required.
10. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , wherein the optic is directly coupled to the light source with no airgap.
11. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , further comprising
light mixing ridges on the outside of the lightguide surface to mix light of different wavelengths to produce a more uniform light distribution with respect to chromaticity over angle;
the light source directly couples to the lightguide before collimating through a ridged collimator; and
the light ridges mix light transverse to the light flow direction before striking the multiple tiers of optical elements.
12. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , further comprising
a plurality of micro refractor particles which are comprised of an index of refraction which is higher or lower than the host material from when the light guide element is produced; and
the light not mixed through the light ridges on the periphery is mixed through the light particles dispersed through the center of the lightguide.
13. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 in combination with a lamp comprised of:
a reduced heatsink area allowing for the greatest degrees of indirect light emission with minimal light occlusion;
the lamp comprised of:
an electrical contact;
an isolator base;
a HV LED current control driver internally housed in a lamp body cavity or driven remotely;
the HV multiple junction LED which allows for reduced drive size; and
a multiple tier optical element that throws light in all directions after passing through a clear glass or diffusive glass bulb protection element.
14. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 in combination with an A-lamp comprised of:
a high efficiency light source;
an omnidirectional lightguide optic incorporating multiple-tiers of light dispersion elements;
the A-lamp comprised of
a heatsink structure which conducts, and radiates heat to the air to cool the LED array;
an electrical contact;
an Edison or GU24 base; and
either a clear bulb glass or a diffuse glass which produces a soft white appearance.
15. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , further comprising:
a multiple-tier optical device used with a reflector;
a light source that illuminates the optical device;
the optical device which produces either a butterfly or omnidirectional light distribution; and
the light reflects forward by means of the reflector.
16. The multiple-tier omnidirectional solid-state emission source of claim 6 , further comprising
a primary pump source and remote wavelength conversion shell; and
a wavelength conversion from cyan, blue, or UV to white is performed remotely by a luminescent glass shell or polymer in which wavelength conversion lumiphors, phosphors, or quantum dot/phosphor composite fillers produce a white in color temperature ranging from 2500-7000K.