Magnetic levitation of intraluminal microelectronic capsule
A method and apparatus for magnetically levitating and further steering of an intraluminal device, such as a swallowable microelectronic capsule, for monitoring bodily functions is provided. The method comprises diamagnetically-stabilized levitation, followed by dynamic modification of the external magnetic field producing the said levitation, so that the levitating intraluminal device can be steered in desired direction. The said intraluminal device contains appropriate sensors and reports in real time the forces and pressures exerted on it, as well as its position, so that the levitation and the steering can be dynamically adjusted using appropriate dynamic control of external magnetic devices such as solenoids.
1. Apparatus for monitoring one or more physiological characteristics or parameters in a patient's gastrointestinal tract, comprising:
a magnetic field generator positioned outside the patient's body for producing a magnetic field inside the person's gastrointestinal tract; and
a capsule comprising diamagnetic material of sufficient mass to stabilize the capsule in the magnetic field at a desired position in the gastrointestinal tract.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising at least one physiological sensor carried by the capsule that is capable of sensing a physiological condition or parameter in the gastrointestinal tract.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 further comprising:
a position sensor configured to produce position signals representing the position of the capsule; and
the controller being responsive to the position signals to control the position of the capsule in the gastrointestinal tract.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 in which the position sensor is a Hall Effect sensor.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 in which the position sensor is carried by the capsule.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 further comprising a second Hall Effect sensor outside of the body, the controller being responsive to signals from both the Hall Effect sensor in the capsule and the second Hall Effect sensor.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
a controller having output to the magnetic field generator; and
the magnetic field generator being responsive to the output from the controller to vary the magnetic field and control the position of the capsule in the gastrointestinal tract.