Multilayer films having breathable regions for use in broadcast fumigation
The present technology generally relates to multilayer films having breathable regions which are suitable for use as broadcast fumigation films and for other applications. More particularly, the present technology relates to multilayer films comprising at least one breathable layer and at least one barrier layer, where the layers are arranged so that the multilayer film has at least one region, such as at the edge of the film, that is breathable throughout its thickness. The present technology also relates to methods of manufacturing and using such multilayer films.
1. A multilayer film having a thickness and a width, the film comprising:
at least one soil fumigant permeable layer extending the width of the film; and
at least one barrier layer extending less than the width of the film, and said at least one soil fumigant permeable layer and said at least one barrier layer are unified to form the multilayer film; wherein, the multilayer film has at least one soil fumigant permeable region throughout the thickness of the film and the multilayer film is on top of and covers an agricultural field.
2. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein
the at least one barrier layer has a width that is less than a width of the soil fumigant permeable layer,
the soil fumigant permeable layer and the barrier layer are arranged so that said at least one soil fumigant permeable region is at an edge of the multilayer film, and
the multilayer film has a width of about 72 inches to about 156 inches.
3. The multilayer film of claim 2 , wherein the at least one soil fumigant permeable layer extending the width of the film and at least one barrier layer extending less than the width of the film are arranged so that said at least one soil fumigant permeable region at the edge of the multilayer film measures between about two and about six inches.
4. The multilayer film of claim 1 ,
wherein, the multilayer film has at least one breathable region throughout the thickness of the film and the multilayer film is configured for covering an agricultural field and wherein
the at least one breathable layer comprises polyolefin and filler, and the at least one barrier layer comprises polyamide and is substantially free of filler.
5. The multilayer film of claim 4 , wherein the polyolefin is an ethylene/1-hexene copolymer or an ethylene/octene copolymer.
6. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein said at least one barrier layer has a different infrared signature than said at least one soil fumigant permeable layer.
7. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one barrier layer is printed or laminated on a portion of the at least one soil fumigant permeable layer.
8. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein an adhesion-promoting amount of tie resin is incorporated into the at least one soil fumigant permeable layer to promote adhesion between the at least one barrier layer and the at least one soil fumigant permeable layer.
9. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein at least one tie layer is interposed between the at least one soil fumigant permeable layer and the at least one barrier layer, wherein the at least one tie layer has a width that is less than the width of the at least one soil fumigant permeable layer.
10. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein the width of the at least one barrier layer is from about 25.0% to about 99.8% of the width of the multilayer film.
11. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one barrier layer comprises from about 0.5% to about 50% of the total thickness of the multilayer film.
12. The multilayer film of claim 1 , wherein the multilayer film has a total thickness of about 0.8 mils to about 4.0 mils.
13. A multilayer film having a thickness and a width, the film comprising:
at least one breathable layer extending the width of the film;
at least one barrier layer extending less than the width of the film, and said at least one breathable layer and said at least one barrier layer are unified to form the multilayer film;
wherein, the multilayer film has at least one breathable region throughout the thickness of the film and the multilayer film is configured for covering an agricultural field and wherein the at least one barrier layer comprises polyamide providing a permeability of less than about 15 g/m 2 -hr to one or more of methyl bromide, chloropicrin, methyl iodide, dimethyl disulfide, telone, a derivative thereof, or a mixture thereof.
14. A multilayer film having a thickness and a width, the film comprising:
at least one breathable layer extending the width of the film;
at least one barrier layer extending less than the width of the film, and said at least one breathable layer and said at least one barrier layer are unified to form the multilayer film;
wherein, the multilayer film has at least one breathable region throughout the thickness of the film and the multilayer film is configured for covering an agricultural field and wherein
the at least one breathable region is at least 25% more permeable to methyl bromide than the at least one barrier layer, as measured by ASTM739-99A and the breathable region provides means for an adhesive's solvent escaping from between two overlapping multilayer films adhered together with an adhesive carried by the adhesive's solvent so that multiple multilayer films are adhered together to cover the agricultural field.
15. A multilayer film having a thickness and a width comprising:
at least two outer layers comprising a polyolefin and one or more fillers, wherein the outer layer is permeable to one or more volatile solvents;
at least one inner layer comprising a polyamide, wherein the inner layer is substantially impermeable to one or more fumigants selected from the group consisting of methyl bromide, chloropicrin, methyl iodide, dimethyl disulfide, telone, derivatives thereof, and mixtures thereof;
wherein the outer layers have a width that is greater than a width of the inner layer, and the inner layer is coextruded between the outer layers such that the multilayer film has edges which are permeable to said one or more volatile solvents through the thickness of the multilayer film and
wherein the multilayer film is configured for covering an agricultural field.
16. A method of preparing a field for broadcast fumigation comprising:
laying a first multilayer film on a field, wherein the first multilayer film comprises a fumigant impermeable region;
laying a second multilayer film on the field, at least partially on top of a portion of the first multilayer film, so as to provide an overlap area, wherein the second multilayer film comprises a fumigant impermeable region and a breathable region, and said breathable region is on top of said first multilayer film; and
applying an adhesive to one or both of said first multilayer film and said second multilayer film in the overlap area,
wherein the breathable region provides means for the adhesive's solvent to escape from the overlap area.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising laying a third multilayer film having a fumigant impermeable region and a breathable region on the field, such that the third multilayer film at least partially overlaps the first or second multilayer films to form overlap areas, wherein the third multilayer film includes a breathable portion in the overlap area.
18. The method of claim 16 , further comprising covering the field entirely with a plurality of bonded multilayer films.
19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising fumigating the field, and removing the multilayer films after fumigation.
20. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adhesive is substantially impermeable to one or more fumigants.
21. A multilayer film having a thickness and a width, the film comprising:
at least one soil fumigant permeable layer extending the width of the film; and
at least one barrier layer extending less than the width of the film, and said at least one soil fumigant permeable layer and said at least one barrier layer are unified to form the multilayer film; wherein, the multilayer film has at least one soil fumigant permeable region throughout the thickness of the film and the multilayer film is on top of and covers an agricultural field with the multilayer film arranged so that said at least one barrier layer covers an area of the agricultural field that is not to be fumigated and said at least one soil fumigant permeable layer covers an area of the agricultural field that is to be fumigated.
22. A multilayer film having a thickness and a width, the film comprising:
at least one soil fumigant permeable layer extending the width of the film; and
at least one barrier layer extending less than the width of the film, and said at least one soil fumigant permeable layer and said at least one barrier layer are unified to form the multilayer film; wherein, the multilayer film has at least one soil fumigant permeable region throughout the thickness of the film and the multilayer film is on top of and covers a fumigated agricultural field with the multilayer film arranged so that said at least one barrier layer covers an area of the agricultural field to retain fumigant and said at least one soil fumigant permeable layer covers an area of the agricultural field to release fumigant.