Laser marking of substrates
A method for marking an substrate, comprising coating the substrate with a white or colorless solution of a soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of a weak acid and irradiating areas of the substrate to be marked such that those areas change color, wherein the substrate comprises a polysaccharide material.
1. A method for marking a substrate, wherein said method comprises: coating the substrate with a white or colourless solution of a soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of a weak acid; and irradiating areas of the substrate to be marked such that those areas change colour; wherein the substrate comprises a polysaccharide material, wherein the substrate is paper, card, board, or a cellulosic textile.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the white or colourless solution is an aqueous solution of a water-soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of a weak acid.
3. The method according to claim 2 , wherein the water-soluble salt is a monometal salt.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the water-soluble salt is sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, sodium citrate, sodium metaborate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium phosphate, sodium propionate, disodium malonate, sodium tetraborate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphite, or calcium diacetate.
5. The method according to claim 4 , wherein the water-soluble salt is sodium silicate.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein the aqueous solution or suspension further comprises sodium metaborate or zinc oxide.
7. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the water-soluble salt is sodium metaborate.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the coating is allowed to dry, or is forcibly dried, and is then further coated with a second aqueous solution of sodium silicate, prior to being irradiated.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide material is a cellulosic material.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the water-soluble salt is a binary metal salt of an alkali metal.
11. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the water-soluble salt is sodium molybdate or potassium molybdate.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the coating is allowed to dry, or is forcibly dried, prior to irradiation.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide material is cellulose.
14. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the aqueous solution includes an IR absorber that absorbs laser light at a wavelength of between 800 nm and 10,600 nm.
15. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the IR absorber absorbs laser light at a wavelength of about 1200 nm.
16. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the IR absorber is copper hydroxy phosphate or a reduced mixed metal oxide, or an organic dye or polymer.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises an alkaline size.