Method for analysis of metal inclusions in steels by partial electrolysis
A method for analyzing a metallic material includes the steps of electrolyzing a metal sample in an electrolyte; removing the electrolyzed metal sample from the electrolyte; immersing the metal sample removed from the electrolyte into a dispersive solution that is different from the electrolyte to separate at least one selected from the group consisting of a precipitate and an inclusion deposited on the metal sample; and analyzing the at least one selected from the group consisting of a precipitate and an inclusion extracted into the dispersive solution.
1. A method for analyzing at least one of metal precipitates and inclusions within a steel material, comprising the steps of:
partially electrolyzing a sample of the steel material in an electrolyte wherein at least one of the metal precipitates and inclusions attach to a remaining portion of the sample during or after electrolysis;
removing the remaining portion of the sample from the electrolyte with the metal inclusions and precipitates attached thereto;
immersing the remaining portion of the sample removed from the electrolyte into a dispersive solution that does not contain methanol and is different from the electrolyte to separate at least one of the metal precipitates and the inclusions attached to the sample wherein the dispersive solution disperses aggregates of the precipitates and inclusions;
filtering at least one of the metal precipitates or inclusions separated into the dispersive solution through at least one filter; and
analyzing the at least one of the metal precipitates and inclusions.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersive solution contains water as a solvent.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersive solution has an absolute value of a zeta potential of 30 mV or more relative to at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal precipitate and a metal inclusion to be analyzed.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the absolute value of a zeta potential ranges from 30 to 40 mV.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one selected from the group consisting of type and concentration of the dispersive solution is determined using the zeta potential as an indicator.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the dispersive solution contains, as a dispersing agent, one selected from the group consisting of sodium tartrate, sodium citrate, sodium silicate, tripotassium phosphate, sodium polyphosphate, sodium polymetaphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, and sodium diphosphate.
7. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the dispersive solution contains sodium hexametaphosphate as a dispersing agent.
8. The method according to claim 6 , wherein the dispersive solution contains sodium diphosphate as a dispersing agent.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the separating step comprises applying ultrasonic vibration to the remaining portion of the sample to detach at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions.
10. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the analyzing step comprises analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions each having a size of 1 μm or less extracted into the dispersive solution.
11. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions deposited on the remaining portion of the sample.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
the analyzing step comprises the substeps of:
filtering at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions separated into the dispersive solution at least once through at least one filter; and
analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions trapped by the at least one filter.
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
the analyzing step comprises the substeps of:
filtering at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions separated into the dispersive solution at least once through at least one filter; and
analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions in a filtrate.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the filtrate analyzing step comprises analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions in the filtrate by multiplying a separately determined ratio of a target element to a labeled element in the electrolyte by a labeled element in the filtrate and subtracting the product from the amount of target element in the filtrate.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
the analyzing step comprises the substeps of:
filtering at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions separated into the dispersive solution at least once through at least one filter;
analyzing at least one of the metal precipates and the metal inclusions trapped by the at least one filter; and
analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions in a filtrate.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the filtrate analyzing step comprises analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions in the filtrate by multiplying a separately determined ratio of a target element to a labeled element in the electrolyte by a labeled element in the filtrate and subtracting the product from the amount of target element in the filtrate.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the analyzing step comprises analyzing at least one of the metal precipitates and the metal inclusions in the dispersive solution by multiplying a separately determined ratio of a target element to a labeled element in the electrolyte by a labeled element in the dispersive solution and subtracting the product from the amount of target element in the dispersive solution.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metal precipitates and inclusions comprise a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium and manganese.