Cell lysis reagent for isolation of RNA
RNA is extracted from cellular material with a reagent that includes heparin, a reducing agent to reduce disulfide bonds, a chelating agent, a buffer, and an alkali metal halide. The reagent does not require the use of organic solvents, and the reagent allows extraction to be performed in a relatively short period of time in comparison to the prior art.
1. A reagent for extracting RNA from cellular material, said reagent comprising:
(a) from about 1 pg/μL to about 10 pg/μL heparin;
(b) from about 1 mM to about 10 mM of a reducing agent effective to reduce disulfide bonds in cellular proteins;
(c) a chelating agent in an amount sufficient to disrupt RNA secondary and tertiary structures;
(d) from about 1 mM to about 100 mM of a buffer selected from the group consisting of Tris base, Tris-HCl, Bis-Tris base, Bis-Tris-HCl, and HEPES; and
(e) from about 1 mM to about 100 mM of an alkali metal halide;
said reagent being devoid of chlorinated solvents.
2. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said heparin constitutes from about 1 pg/μL to about 3 pg/μL of said reagent.
3. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said reducing agent constitutes from about 1 mM to about 5 mM of said reagent.
4. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said reducing agent is a member selected from the group consisting of dithiothreitol, β-mercaptoethanol and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine.
5. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said chelating agent is a member selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid; citric acid; salicylic acid; salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid, citric acid, and salicylic acid; a phthalic acid; a histidine; a histidinol dihydrochloride; and 8-hydroxyquinoline.
6. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
7. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said chelating agent constitutes from about 0.3 mM to about 3 mM of said reagent.
8. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said buffer constitutes an amount of said reagent that maintains the pH of said reagent at from about 7.5 to about 8.0.
9. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said alkali metal halide is selected from the group consisting of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and lithium chloride.
10. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said alkali metal halide is an alkali metal chloride and constitutes from about 10 mM to about 50 mM of said reagent.
11. The reagent of claim 1 further comprising a nonionic detergent in an amount less than or equal to about 2.5% by volume.
12. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said reagent is devoid of cationic detergents and anionic detergents.
13. The reagent of claim 1 wherein said reagent is devoid of organic solvents.
14. A method for extracting RNA from cellular material, said method comprising contacting said cellular material with the reagent of claim 1 to a degree sufficient to extract said RNA into a supernatant, and recovering said supernatant from the remainder of said cellular material.
15. The method of claim 14 performed without extracting said supernatant with an organic solvent.
16. The method of claim 14 performed without treatment of said cellular material with an enzyme to remove genomic DNA therefrom.
17. The method of claim 14 performed without heating of said cellular material to denature proteins therein.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein said heparin constitutes from about 1 pg/mL to about 3 pg/mL of said reagent, said reducing agent constitutes from about 1 mM to about 5 mM of said reagent, said chelating agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and constitutes from about 0.3 mM to about 3 mM of said reagent, said buffer constitutes an amount of said reagent that maintains the pH of said reagent at from about 7.5 to about 8.0, and said alkali metal halide constitutes from about 10 mM to about 50 mM of said reagent.
19. The method of claim 14 wherein said reagent further comprises a nonionic detergent in an amount less than or equal to about 2.5% by volume and is devoid of ionic detergents.