Resonant power converter comprising a matched piezoelectric transformer
The present invention relates to an electronic power converter comprising a piezoelectric transformer, a drive circuit arranged to generate and provide an input voltage signal to the piezoelectric transformer, said input voltage signal comprising a burst frequency and a substantially constant excitation frequency, and a rectifier module. According to the present invention the excitation frequency is selected among a plurality of excitation frequencies in such a way that an equivalent load resistance, Req, is matched to an output impedance of the piezoelectric transformer so as to minimize power losses in the piezoelectric transformer. Moreover, the present invention relates to a method for configuring an electronic power converter.
1. An electronic power converter comprising
a piezoelectric transformer comprising an input and an output port,
a drive circuit arranged to generate and provide, from a supply voltage V cc , an input voltage signal to the input port of the piezoelectric transformer, said input voltage signal comprising a burst frequency and a substantially constant excitation frequency, and
a rectifier module comprising an input port operatively coupled to the output port of the piezoelectric transformer, the rectifier module further comprising an output port adapted to deliver an output voltage, V out , to a load,
wherein the excitation frequency is higher than a fundamental resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transformer, and wherein the excitation frequency is selected among a plurality of excitation frequencies in such a way that an equivalent load resistance, R eq , under closed-loop burst-mode operation is matched to an output impedance of the piezoelectric transformer so as to minimize power losses in the piezoelectric transformer, and wherein the selected excitation frequency falls within an optimal excitation frequency range regarding zero-voltage-switching abilities of the piezoelectric transformer.
2. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the burst frequency is lower than the excitation frequency.
3. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the burst frequency is variable within a predetermined frequency range.
4. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , further comprising one or more controllable excitation switches being connected directly to the input port of the piezoelectric transformer.
5. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , where the piezoelectric transformer is adapted for unconditionally zero-voltage-switching with respect to any load impedance, and wherein an equivalent output capacitance, C d2 , of the piezoelectric transformer is at least 13% larger than an equivalent input capacitance, C d1 , times a conversion ratio, n, square.
6. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric transformer is adapted to transfer a main part of its energy in its thickness mode, and wherein the condition for unconditionally zero-voltage-switching with respect to any load impedance is met by making a volume of a secondary electrode at least 13% larger than a volume of a primary electrode.
7. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric transformer is adapted to transfer a main part of its energy in its radial mode, and wherein the condition for unconditionally zero-voltage-switching with respect to any load impedance is met by making a volume of a primary electrode at least 13% larger than a volume of a secondary electrode.
8. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the drive circuit comprises a half-bridge power stage comprising first and second controllable excitation switches.
9. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the drive circuit comprises a full-bridge power stage comprising first, second, third and fourth controllable excitation switches.
10. An electronic power converter according to claim 8 , wherein each of the controllable excitation switches comprises a field effect transistor.
11. An electronic power converter according to claim 1 , wherein the piezoelectric transformer is a ring-shaped piezoelectric transformer.
12. A method for configuring an electronic power converter, the method comprising
providing a piezoelectric transformer comprising an input and an output port,
providing a drive circuit arranged to generate and provide, from a supply voltage V cc , an input voltage signal to the input port of the piezoelectric transformer, said input voltage signal comprising a burst frequency and a substantially constant excitation frequency,
providing a rectifier module comprising an input port adapted to be operatively coupled to the output port of the piezoelectric transformer, the rectifier module further comprising an output port adapted to deliver an output voltage, V out , to a load, and
selecting the excitation frequency among a plurality of excitation frequencies in such a way that an equivalent load resistance, R eq , under closed-loop burst-mode operation is matched to an output impedance of the piezoelectric transformer so as to minimize power losses in the piezoelectric transformer, and wherein the selected excitation frequency falls within an optimal excitation frequency range regarding zero-voltage-switching abilities of the piezoelectric transformer.
13. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the burst frequency is lower than the excitation frequency.
14. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the burst frequency is variable within a predetermined frequency range.
15. A method according to claim 12 , wherein one or more controllable excitation switches are connected directly to the input port of the piezoelectric transformer.
16. A method according to claim 12 , where the piezoelectric transformer is operated for unconditionally zero-voltage-switching with respect to any load impedance, and wherein an equivalent output capacitance, C d2 , of the piezoelectric transformer is at least 13% larger than an equivalent input capacitance, C d1 , times a conversion ratio, n, square.
17. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the piezoelectric transformer is operated so as to transfer a main part of its energy in its thickness mode, and wherein the condition for unconditionally zero-voltage-switching with respect to any load impedance is met by making a volume of a secondary electrode at least 13% larger than a volume of a primary electrode.
18. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the piezoelectric transformer is operated so as to transfer a main part of its energy in its radial mode, and wherein the condition for unconditionally zero-voltage-switching with respect to any load impedance is met by making a volume of a primary electrode at least 13% larger than a volume of a secondary electrode.
19. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the excitation frequency is higher than a fundamental resonance frequency of the piezoelectric transducer.
20. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the drive circuit provides the input voltage signal directly to the input port of the piezoelectric transformer.
21. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the drive circuit comprises a half-bridge power stage comprising first and second controllable excitation switches.
22. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the drive circuit comprises a full-bridge power stage comprising first, second, third and fourth controllable excitation switches.
23. A method according to claim 21 , wherein each of the controllable excitation switches comprises a field effect transistor.
24. A method according to claim 12 , wherein the piezoelectric transformer is a ring-shaped piezoelectric transformer.