Physiologically active complex comprising protamine and/or salt therefor and an acidic macromolecular substance, and use thereof
To provide a method of reducing an intrinsic harsh/astringent taste of protamine and a protamine salt and effectively using a fat absorption suppressive effect of these. A complex is formed by reacting at least one of acidic macromolecular substances, such as alginate and polyglutamate, and gum arabic which are capable of forming a complex reducing harsh/astringent taste and dissociating protamine having a lipase inhibitory activity by pepsin treatment, with protamine or a protamine salt.
1. A complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic,
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance is at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid.
2. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic macromolecular substance forms a complex with protamine or a salt thereof, thereby producing an effect of reducing harsh/astringent taste of protamine or a salt thereof.
3. A functional food comprising the complex according to claim 1 .
4. A fat absorption suppressant comprising the complex according to claim 1 .
5. A method of producing a complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic, the method comprising forming a complex by mixing at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic in an aqueous medium,
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance is at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid.
6. The method for producing a complex according to claim 5 , further comprising desalting after the complex is formed.
7. The method for producing a complex according to claim 5 , wherein the acidic macromolecular substance forms a complex with protamine or the salts thereof, thereby producing an effect of reducing harsh/astringent taste of protamine or a salt thereof.
8. The method for producing a complex according to claim 5 , wherein the aqueous medium comprises a dispersant.
9. The method for producing a complex according to claim 8 , wherein a concentration of the dispersant is 0.1 wt % to 1 wt %.
10. A method of using at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic in order to reduce harsh/astringent taste of at least one of protamine and salts thereof in a food, which comprises
producing a complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substance and gum arabic in the food, or
adding a complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substance and gum arabic to the food,
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance is at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid.
11. A method of using at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic in order to reduce harsh/astringent taste of at least one of protamine and salts thereof in production of a food comprising at least one of protamine and the salts thereof, which comprises
forming a complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substance and gum arabic in the food, or
adding a complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substance and gum arabic to the food,
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance is at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of polyglutamic acid.
12. The method according to claim 10 , wherein a ratio of at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid relative to at least one of protamine and a salt thereof is 25 wt % to 200 wt %.
13. A powder mixture comprising a powder of at least one of protamine and salts thereof and a powder of at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic, wherein the at least one of protamine and the salts thereof and the at least one of the acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic can form a complex in an aqueous medium,
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance is at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid.
14. The powder mixture according to claim 13 , wherein the acidic macromolecular substance forms a complex with at least one of protamine and the salts thereof, thereby producing an effect of reducing harsh/astringent taste of protamine or the salts thereof.
15. The powder mixture according to claim 13 , wherein a ratio of the acidic macromolecular substance relative to at least one of protamine and the salts thereof is 25 wt % to 200 wt %.
16. The powder mixture according to claim 13 , further comprising a dispersant.
17. A functional food comprising a powder mixture according to claim 13 .
18. A fat absorption suppressant comprising the powder mixture according to claim 13 as an active ingredient.
19. The method according to claim 11 , wherein a ratio of at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid relative to at least one of protamine and a salt thereof is 25 wt % to 200 wt %.
20. The complex according to claim 1 , which provides protamine having a lipase inhibitory activity, when the complex is decomposed by pepsin treatment.
21. The method for producing a complex according to claim 5 , wherein the complex provides protamine having exhibits a lipase inhibitory activity, when the complex is decomposed by pepsin treatment.
22. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the complex provides protamine having a lipase inhibitory activity, when the complex is decomposed by pepsin treatment.
23. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the complex provides protamine having a lipase inhibitory activity, when the complex is decomposed by pepsin treatment.
24. The powder mixture according to claim 13 , wherein the complex provides protamine having a lipase inhibitory activity, when the complex is decomposed by pepsin treatment.
25. The complex according to claim 1 , wherein the salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion is selected from a sodium salt, a potassium salt, an ammonium salt, a lithium salt, mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amine salts, mono-, di- and tri-hydroxyalkyl amine salts, a guanidine salt, and an N-methylglucosamine salt.
26. The method for producing a complex according to claim 5 , wherein the salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion is selected from a sodium salt, a potassium salt, an ammonium salt, a lithium salt, mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amine salts, mono-, di- and tri-hydroxyalkyl amine salts, a guanidine salt and an N-methyl glucosamine salt.
27. The method according to claim 10 , wherein the salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion is selected from a sodium salt, a potassium salt, an ammonium salt, a lithium salt, mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amine salts, mono-, di- and tri-hydroxyalkyl amine salts, a guanidine salt and an N-methyl glucosamine salt.
28. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion is selected from a sodium salt, a potassium salt, an ammonium salt, a lithium salt, mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amine salts, mono-, di- and tri-hydroxyalkyl amine salts, a guanidine salt, and an N-methyl glucosamine salt.
29. A method of producing a complex comprising at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic, the method comprising:
forming a complex by mixing at least one of protamine and salts thereof and at least one of acidic macromolecular substances and gum arabic in an aqueous medium containing a dispersant,
desalting after the complex is formed,
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance forms a complex with protamine or the salts thereof, thereby producing an effect of reducing harsh/astringent taste of protamine or a salt thereof, and
wherein the acidic macromolecular substance is at least one selected from alginic acid, a salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion, a polyglutamic acid and a salt of a polyglutamic acid,
wherein the salt of alginic acid and a monovalent ion is selected from a sodium salt, a potassium salt, an ammonium salt, a lithium salt, mono-, di- and tri-alkyl amine salts, mono-, di- and tri-hydroxyalkyl amine salts, a guanidine salt, and an N-methyl glucosamine salt.
30. The method for producing a complex according to claim 29 , wherein the dispersant is contained in the aqueous medium at a concentration of 0.1 wt % to 1 wt %.