Battery management system and battery management method
A battery management system and method, the method including balancing cells and measuring the cell voltages of cells that are not directly adjacent to the cells being balanced.
1. A battery management system, comprising:
cells having cell voltages;
a cell balancing unit that balances the cell voltages;
a cell selecting unit that establishes an electrical connection to a selected cell, the selected cell being one of the cells that is not being balanced; and
a micro-control unit (MCU) that
measures the cell voltages of the cells,
controls operations of the cell balancing unit and the cell selecting unit, and
prevents the selected cell that is not being balanced, and the cells directly electrically connected to the selected cell, from being balanced while the cell voltage of the selected cell is being measured.
2. The battery management system of claim 1 , wherein the MCU:
selectively activates/inactivates first control signals that control the cell balancing unit, each of the first control signals corresponding to a particular one of the cells;
selectively activates/inactivates second control signals that control the cell selecting unit, each of the second control signals corresponding to a particular one of the cells; and
inactivates the first control signals that correspond to the selected cell and the first and second control signals corresponding to the cells that are directly electrically connected to the selected cell, when the second control signal that corresponds to the selected cell is activated.
3. The battery management system of claim 2 , wherein when the cell voltage of the selected cell is measured to exceed a normal voltage range, the first control signal that corresponds to the selected cell is activated, such that the cell balancing unit balances the selected cell.
4. The battery management system of claim 3 , wherein when the selected cell is balanced, the second control signals that correspond to the cells that are directly connected to the selected cell are inactivated.
5. The battery management system of claim 2 , wherein the first and second control signals are sequentially activated, such that all of the cell voltages are measured and the cells that are unbalanced are balanced, sequentially.
6. The battery management system of claim 1 , wherein:
the cell selecting unit comprises selection switches that establish the electrical connection to the cells; and
the cell balancing unit comprises cell balancing switches that connect the cells to balancing circuits.
7. The battery management system of claim 6 , further comprising lines that connect pairs of the selection switches to each of the cells.
8. The battery management system of claim 1 , further comprising:
a capacitor that stores the cell voltage of the selected cell; and
a relay unit that
connects the capacitor to the cell selecting unit, when the capacitor stores the cell voltage of the selected cell, and
connects the capacitor to the MCU, when the MCU measures the cell voltage of the selected cell.
9. A battery management method to balance cells of a battery that are connected in series, the method comprising:
sequentially measuring cell voltages of the cells by repeatedly selecting one of the cells that is not being balanced and measuring a corresponding one of the cell voltages of the selected one of the cells that is not being balanced;
comparing the measured cell voltages to a reference voltage, to determine if the cells are unbalanced; and
balancing the unbalanced cells,
wherein the measuring and the balancing are not simultaneously performed on any two of the cells that are directly adjacent to each other.
10. The battery management method of claim 9 , wherein the cells that are directly adjacent to each other are directly electrically connected to each other.
11. The battery management method of claim 10 , wherein the balancing of the unbalanced cells occurs after the cell voltages of the cells that are directly adjacent to the unbalanced cells are measured.
12. The battery management method of claim 9 , wherein the measuring and the cell balancing occur simultaneously in at least two non-directly adjacent cells from among the cells.
13. A battery management system, comprising:
cells connected in series, which have cell voltages;
a cell balancing unit that balances the cell voltages;
a cell selecting unit that selectively establishes an electrical connection to a selected cell, the selected cell being one of the cells that is not being balanced, via power lines that are shared by pairs of the cells; and
a micro-control unit (MCU) that measures the cell voltage of the cells, controls operations of the cell balancing unit and the cell selecting unit,
wherein when the cell selecting unit establishes an electrical connection to the selected cell that is not being balanced, the MCU measures the voltage of the selected cell and prevents the cell balancing unit from balancing the selected cell and the cells that share the power lines through which the electrical connection is established, while the cell voltage of the selected cell is being measured.
14. The battery management system of claim 13 , wherein the cell balancing unit balances one of the cells that does not share the power lines of the selected cell, when the cell voltage of the selected cell is being measured.
15. The battery management system of claim 13 , wherein the cell selecting unit comprises pairs of switches that are connected to each of the power lines.
16. The battery management system of claim 13 , wherein the cell balancing unit comprises resistors and switches that correspond to each of the cells.
17. The battery management system of claim 13 , further comprising:
a capacitor that stores the cell voltage of the selected cell; and
a relay unit that
connects the capacitor to the cell selecting unit, when the capacitor stores the cell voltage of the selected cell, and
connects the capacitor to the MCU, when the MCU measures the cell voltage of the selected cell.