Ion manipulation cell with tailored potential profiles

1. An ion cell having an axis, comprising a sheath of individual electrodes that extends along the axis and defines an internal volume having a shape of an ellipsoid that is cut off at both ends, where adjacent individual electrodes are electrically insulated from each other, where the individual electrodes each receive a DC potential and RF voltage, and where at least some of the individual electrodes have a width that varies in the axial direction such that an electrical effect on an axis potential varies along the axis of the ion cell.

2. An ion cell having an axis, comprising a sheath of individual electrodes that extends along the axis and defines an internal volume, where adjacent individual electrodes are electrically insulated from each other, where the individual electrodes each receive a DC potential and RF voltage, and where at least some of the individual electrodes have a width that varies in the axial direction such that an electrical effect on an axis potential varies along the axis of the ion cell, where the individual electrodes form longitudinal groups, and where each longitudinal group extends between two ends of the ion cell and has an equal width over a length of the ion cell.

3. The ion cell of claim 2 , where each longitudinal group forms at least one of a cylindrical sheath segment, a rectangular plate, a round rod and a hyperbolic rod.

4. The ion cell of claim 2 , where the RF voltages received by the individual electrodes of a longitudinal group have substantially equal frequencies, amplitudes and phases, and where the phase alternates between different longitudinal groups.

5. The ion cell of claim 2 , where the longitudinal groups are each constructed in a uniform pattern from the individual electrodes, and corresponding individual electrodes in different longitudinal groups are each supplied with a substantially equal DC potential.

6. The ion cell of claim 2 , where the individual electrodes of a longitudinal group are supplied with RF voltages having at least one of different amplitudes, different frequencies, and different phases.

7. The ion cell of claim 2 , where the individual electrodes of a longitudinal group are each supplied with mixtures of different RF voltages.

8. The ion cell of claim 2 , where at least one of the DC potentials and the RF amplitudes are changed using a controller.

9. The ion cell of claim 3 , where the longitudinal groups of electrodes comprise cylindrical sheath segments divided by parabolic separating gaps.

10. The ion cell of claim 9 , further comprising a magnet, where the ion cell is embedded in a magnetic field of the magnet.

11. The ion cell of claim 2 , where the individual electrodes comprise a plurality of metal layers applied to one of plastic, ceramic, glass ceramic and glass.

12. The ion cell of claim 2 , where the individual electrodes comprise a plurality of metal pieces fixed to a holding frame made of one of plastic, ceramic, glass ceramic and glass.

13. A method for using an ion cell having an axis, where the ion cell includes a sheath of individual electrodes that extends along the axis defining an internal volume, where adjacent individual electrodes are insulated from each other, and where at least some of the individual electrodes have a width that varies in the axial direction such that an electrical effect on an axis potential varies along the axis of the ion cell, where the individual electrodes form longitudinal groups, and where each longitudinal group extends between two ends of the ion cell and has an equal width over a length of the ion cell, the method comprises providing a DC potential and a RF voltage to each of the electrodes.

14. The method of claim 13 , further comprising providing a collision gas for fragmenting ions within the ion cell.

15. A method for using an ion cell having an axis, where the ion cell includes a sheath of individual electrodes that extends along the axis defining an internal volume, where adjacent individual electrodes are insulated from each other, and where at least some of the individual electrodes have a width that varies in the axial direction such that an electrical effect on an axis potential varies along the axis of the ion cell, the method comprises providing a DC potential and a RF voltage to each of the electrodes, further comprising using the ion cell in a mass spectrometer, and measuring harmonic oscillations of ions within the mass spectrometer, where the individual electrodes form longitudinal groups, where each longitudinal group extends between two ends of the ion cell and has an equal width over a length of the ion cell, and where each longitudinal group forms cylindrical sheath segments that are divided by parabolic separating gaps.

16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising using the ion cell for reactions between positive and negative ions.

17. The method of claim 13 , further comprising using the ion cell to generate a narrow ion beam in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer with orthogonal ion injection.

18. The method of claim 13 , further comprising using the ion cell to measure ion mobilities.

19. The ion cell of claim 2 , wherein the individual electrodes are divided via at least one of slanted, straight, and curved cuts.

20. The ion cell of claim 2 , wherein the individual electrodes are divided by separating gaps which extend in a zigzag pattern to accommodate individual electrodes with comb-like or saw-tooth edges.