Steel alloy and tools or components manufactured out of the steel alloy
The invention relates to a powder metallurgically manufactured steel with a chemical composition containing, in % by weight: 0.01-2 C, 0.6-10 N, 0.01-3.0 Si, 0.01-10.0 Mn, 16-30 Cr, 0.01-5 Ni, 0.01-5.0 (Mo+W/2), 0.01-9 Co, max. 0.5 S and 0.5-14 (V+Nb/2), where the contents of N on the one hand and of (V+Nb/2) on the other hand are balanced in relation to each other such that the contents of these elements are within an area that is defined by the coordinates A′, B′, G, H, A′, where the coordinates of [N, (V+Nb/2)] are: A′: [0.6,0.5]; B′: [1.6,0.5]; G: [9.8,14.0]; H: [2.6,14.0], and max. 7 of (Ti+Zr+Al), balance essentially only iron and impurities at normal amounts. The steel may be used for tools for injection molding, compression molding and extrusion of components of plastics, and cold working.
1. A powder metallurgically manufactured martensitic steel consisting of, in % by weight:
0.13-0.8 C
≦1.0 Si
0.2-2.0 Mn
18-30 Cr
≦3.0 Ni
0.01-3.5 Mo
0.01-4.0 (Mo+W/2)
≦5.0 Co
≦0.5 S
1.7-6.5 N
≦7.0 (Ti+Zr+Al)
2.0-11.0 V
≦2.0 Nb
2.0-11.0 (V+Nb/2),
balance of iron and impurities at normal amounts,
wherein N and (V+Nb/2) are balanced in relation to each other such that contents of these elements are within an area defined by the coordinates J, E, E′″, J′″, J in the system of coordinates in FIG. 1 , where the coordinates of [N, (V+Nb/2)] for J, E, E′″, J′″, and J are:
J: [1.1, 1.5]
E: [1.9, 1.5]
E′″: [6.5, 11.0]
J′″: [3.5, 11.0],
wherein the steel, at an austenitizing temperature (T A ), has a calculated PRE of 19.8-31.1, wherein PRE=Cr+3.3 Mo+20 N and Cr, Mo, and N are the calculated equilibrium contents dissolved in the matrix at T A ,
wherein the chromium content dissolved in the austenite is at least 16 wt.-%,
wherein the total content of MX, M 2 X, M 23 C 6 , and M 7 C 3 does not exceed 50 vol.-%,
wherein M is a metal and X is at least one of carbon and nitrogen, and
wherein the content of carbides, nitrides, and/or carbonitrides are, in % by volume:
5-40 MX
≦10 M 2 ×
≦10 M 23 C 6 +M 7 C 3 .
2. A steel material according to claim 1 , wherein N and (V+Nb/2) are balanced in relation to each other such that the contents of these elements are within an area that is defined by the coordinates E′, E″, J″, J′, E′ in the system of coordinates in FIG. 1 , where the coordinates of [N, (V+Nb/2)] for E′, E″, J′ and J″ are:
E′: [3.1, 4.0]
E″: [4.8, 7.5]
J′: [1.7, 4.0] and
J″: [2.6, 7.5].
3. A steel material according to claim 1 , wherein N and (V+Nb/2) are balanced in relation to each other such that the contents of these elements are within an area that is defined by the coordinates E, E′, J′, J, E in the system of coordinates in FIG. 1 , where the coordinates of [N, (V+Nb/2)] for E, E′, J and J′ are:
E: [1.9, 1.5]
E′: [3.1, 4.0]
J: [1.1, 1.5] and
J′: [1.7, 4.0].
4. A steel material according to claim 1 , consisting of max 27 Cr.
5. A steel material according to claim 1 , consisting of 0.01-3 Ni.
6. A steel material according to claim 1 , manufactured via a nitrogen gas atomization of a steel melt.
7. A steel material according claim 1 , manufactured via a production of powder by gas atomization of a steel melt and solid phase nitration of the powder.
8. A tool for injection molding, compression molding and extrusion of plastic components manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 1 .
9. A tool for the pressing of a powder manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 1 .
10. A tool for the forming and cutting of sheets within cold working applications manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 1 .
11. Construction components injection nozzles for at least one selected from the group consisting of engines, wear parts, pump parts, and bearing components manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 1 .
12. Implements for use within food industry manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 1 .
13. A steel material according to claim 1 , wherein the hardness is between 45-62 HRC.
14. A steel material according to claim 13 , wherein the hardness is between 55-62 HRC.
15. A steel material according to claim 14 , wherein the hardness is between 60-62 HRC.
16. A steel material according to claim 1 , wherein the corrosion resistance in hardened and tempered condition is defined by the resistance to polarization in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 at pH 1.2 at a potential of between −300 mV and 150 mV, wherein the current at said potential is less than 10 −1 mA/cm 2 .
17. A steel material according to claim 16 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1150° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200 to <400° C.
18. A steel material according to claim 17 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1120° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200° C.
19. A steel material according to claim 1 , wherein the corrosion resistance in hardened and tempered condition is defined by the resistance to polarization in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 at pH 1.2 at a potential of between 0 mV and 150 mV, wherein the current at said potential is less than 10 −2 mA/cm 2 .
20. A steel material according to claim 19 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1150° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200 to <400° C.
21. A steel material according to claim 20 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1100° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200° C.
22. A powder metallurgically manufactured martensitic steel consisting of, in % by weight:
0.13-0.8 C
≦1.0 Si
0.2-2.0 Mn
18-30 Cr
≦3.0 Ni
0.01-3.5 Mo
0.01-4.0 (Mo+W/2)
≦5.0 Co
≦0.5 S
1.7-6.5 N
≦7.0 (Ti+Zr+Al)
8.5-11.0 V
≦2.0 Nb
7.5-11.0 (V+Nb/2),
balance of iron and impurities at normal amounts,
wherein N and (V+Nb/2) are balanced in relation to each other such that the contents of these elements are within an area that is defined by the coordinates J″, J′″, I′″, I″, J″ in the system of coordinates in FIG. 1 , where the coordinates of [N, (V+Nb/2)] for I″, I′″, J″ and J′″ are:
I″: [1.6, 7.5]
I′″: [2.1, 11.0]
J″: [2.6, 7.5] and
J′″: [3.5, 11.0]
wherein the steel, at an austenitizing temperature (T A ), has a calculated PRE of 19.8-31.1, wherein PRE=Cr+3.3 Mo+20 N and Cr, Mo, and N are the calculated equilibrium contents dissolved in the matrix at T A ,
wherein the chromium content dissolved in the austenite is at least 16 wt.-%,
wherein the total content of MX, M 2 X, M 23 C 6 , and M 7 C 3 does not exceed 50 vol.-%,
wherein M is a metal and X is at least one of carbon and nitrogen, and
wherein the content of carbides, nitrides, and/or carbonitrides are, in % by volume:
5-40 MX
≦10 M 2 X
≦10 M 23 C 6 +M 7 C 3 .
23. A steel material according to claim 22 , consisting of max 27 Cr.
24. A steel material according to claim 22 , consisting of 0.01-3 Ni.
25. A steel material according to claim 22 , manufactured via a nitrogen gas atomization of a steel melt.
26. A steel material according claim 22 , manufactured via a production of powder by gas atomization of a steel melt and solid phase nitration of the powder.
27. A tool for injection molding, compression molding and extrusion of plastic components manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 22 .
28. A tool for the pressing of a powder manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 22 .
29. A tool for the forming and cutting of sheets within cold working applications manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 22 .
30. Construction components injection nozzles for at least one selected from the group consisting of engines, wear parts, pump parts, and bearing components manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 22 .
31. Implements for use within food industry manufactured out of a steel material according to claim 22 .
32. A steel material according to claim 22 , wherein the hardness is between 45-62 HRC.
33. A steel material according to claim 32 , wherein the hardness is between 55-62 HRC.
34. A steel material according to claim 33 , wherein the hardness is between 60-62 HRC.
35. A steel material according to claim 22 , wherein the corrosion resistance in hardened and tempered condition is defined by the resistance to polarization in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 at pH 1.2 at a potential of between −300 mV and 150 mV, wherein the current at said potential is less than 10 −1 mA/cm 2 .
36. A steel material according to claim 35 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1150° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200 to <400° C.
37. A steel material according to claim 36 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1120° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200° C.
38. A steel material according to claim 22 , wherein the corrosion resistance in hardened and tempered condition is defined by the resistance to polarization in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 at pH 1.2 at a potential of between 0 mV and 150 mV, wherein the current at said potential is less than 10 −2 mA/cm 2 .
39. A steel material according to claim 38 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1150° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200 to <400° C.
40. A steel material according to claim 39 , wherein the steel is hardened by austenitizing at a temperature (T A ) of 1050-1100° C./30 min, cooled to a temperature between −40° C. and −196° C., and tempered twice at a temperature of 200° C.