Lubricating grease composition based on ionic liquids
The invention relates to the use of ionic liquids for production of water-resistant lubricating grease compositions, which are used in a temperature range from at least 30° C. to at least 180° C. and have good anticorrosion properties.
1. A method for protective treatment of a component exposed to contact with water to prevent corrosion and oxidation at temperatures of at least −30° C. to at least 180° C. comprising applying a water-resistant lubrication grease composition to the surface of the component to be treated, the water-resistant lubrication grease composition comprising:
(a) 40 to 95 wt. % of one or more ionic liquid(s) having a cation selected from the group consisting of a quaternary ammonium cation or a phosphonium cation and having an anion selected from the group consisting of a bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(perfluoroaryl)imide, and tris(perfluoroalkyl)trifluorophosphate, wherein the cation of the ionic liquid has a long hydrophobic alkyl chain, aryl group or alkylaryl group with at least 8 to 25 carbon atoms and all the hydrophobizing alkyl, aryl or alkyaryl groups of the cation have at least 15 to 60 carbon atoms and a melting point of <−30° C.;
(b) 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a conventional soluble additive for lubricants;
(c) 5 to 60 wt. % of a water-resistant thickener.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the one or more ionic liquid(s) of the lubrication grease composition comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of trihexyltetradecyiphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (HDPimide), methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Moimide), and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium tris(perfluoroethyl).
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein component (a) of the lubrication grease composition comprises one ionic liquid or a mixture of two or more ionic liquids, wherein the second ionic liquid need not necessarily be water resistant.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the ratio of the mixture of the first ionic liquid to the second ionic liquid is in the range of 75 to 95% to 5 to 25%.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the second ionic liquid has
a fluorinated anion selected from the group consisting of bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(fluoroaryl)imide, tris(per-fluoroalkyl)triphosphate and fluorinated alkyl sulfonate combined with any cation;
or
a long-chain cation selected from the group consisting of a quaternary ammonium cation and a phosphonium cation and combined with any anion.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of an anti-corrosion agent, antioxidant, anti-wear agent, extreme pressure additive, friction reducing agent, agent to protect against metal influences, UV stabilizer, an organic or inorganic solid lubricant selected from polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphite, metal oxides, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide and phosphate.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of aromatic amines, phenols, and sulphur-containing substances.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the anti-corrosion agent is selected from the group consisting of aromatic heterocyclic compounds, sulfonate salts, organic acids, and organic salts.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the anti-wear agent, extreme pressure additive and friction-reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulphur-containing compounds, phosphorous- and sulphur-containing compounds, boron-containing compounds, and heterocyclic compounds.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the thickener of the lubricating grease composition is selected from PTFE, bentonite, aerosol, water-insoluble carboxylic acid salts and/or mixtures thereof, water-insoluble sulphonic acid salts and mixtures thereof, urea, carbon black, graphite, and metal oxides such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide and/or mixtures thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lubricating grease composition comprises as the one or more ionic liquid(s) a compound of a trialkyl tetradecylphosphonium cation and highly fluorinated anions.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the component is selected from automotive parts, parts in wind power plant, in processing and working machines as well as in household articles to protect them from oxidation and corrosion.
13. A water-resistant lubricating grease composition comprising:
(a) 40 to 95 wt. % of one or more ionic liquid(s) having a cation selected from the group consisting of a quaternary ammonium cation or a phosphonium cation and having an anion selected from the group consisting of a bis(perfluoroalkylsulfonyl)imide, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(perfluoroaryl)imide, and tris(perfluoroalkyl)trifluorophosphate, wherein the cation of the ionic liquid has a long hydrophobic alkyl chain, aryl group or alkylaryl group with at least 8 to 25 carbon atoms and all the hydrophobizing alkyl, aryl or alkyaryl groups of the cation have at least 15 to 60 carbon atoms and a melting point of <−30° C.;
(b) 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a conventional soluble additive; and
(c) 5 to 60 wt. % of a water-resistant thickener.
14. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 13 , wherein the one or more ionic liquid(s) comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (HDPimide), methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (Moimide), and trihexyltetradecylphosphonium tris(perfluoroethyl).
15. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 13 , wherein the lubrication grease composition comprises one ionic liquid or a mixture of two or more ionic liquids, wherein the second ionic liquid need not necessarily be water resistant.
16. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 15 , wherein the ratio of the mixture of the first ionic liquid to the second ionic liquid is in the range of 75 to 95% to 5 to 25%.
17. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 15 , wherein the second ionic liquid has
a fluorinated anion selected from the group consisting of a bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, bis(fluoroaryl)imide, and fluorinated alkyl sulfonate combined with any cation;
or
a long-chain cation selected from the group consisting of a quaternary ammonium cation and a phosphonium cation and combined with any anion.
18. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 13 , wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of an anti-corrosion agent, antioxidant, anti-wear agent, extreme pressure additive, friction reducing agent, agent to protect against metal influences, UV stabilizer, an organic or inorganic solid lubricant selected from polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), graphite, metal oxides, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide and phosphate.
19. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 18 , wherein the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of aromatic amines, phenols, and sulphur-containing substances.
20. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 18 , wherein the anti-corrosion agent is selected from the group consisting of aromatic heterocyclic compounds, sulfonate salts, organic acids, and organic salts.
21. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 18 , wherein the anti-wear agent, extreme pressure additive and friction-reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of phosphates, sulphur-containing compounds, phosphorous- and sulphur-containing compounds, boron-containing compounds, and heterocyclic compounds.
22. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 13 , wherein the thickener of the lubricating grease composition is selected from PTFE, bentonite, aerosol, water-insoluble carboxylic acid salts and/or mixtures thereof, water-insoluble sulphonic acid salts and mixtures thereof, urea, carbon black, graphite, and metal oxides such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide and/or mixtures thereof.
23. The water-resistant lubricating grease composition according to claim 13 , wherein the lubricating grease composition comprises as the one or more ionic liquid(s) a compound of a trialkyl tetradecylphosphonium cation and highly fluorinated anions.