Layered zeolite materials and methods related thereto
A novel oxide material (MIN-I) comprising YO 2 ; and X 2 O 3 , wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, wherein X/Y=O or Y/X=30 to 100 is provided. Surprisingly, MIN-I can be reversibly deswollen. MIN-I can further be combined with a polymer to produce a nanocomposite, depolymerized to produce predominantly fully exfoliated layers (MIN-2), and pillared to produce a pillared oxide material (MIN-3), analogous to MCM-36. The materials are useful in a wide range of applications, such as catalysts, thin films, membranes, and coatings.
1. A method comprising reversibly swelling an oxide material to produce an unwashed swollen layered oxide material, the oxide material having a first layer structure; and
washing the unwashed swollen layered oxide material with water to produce a washed swollen layered oxide material having a second layer structure substantially the same as the first layer structure and an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising:
d(Å)
100 I/I 0
40.7 ± 1.8
vs
20 ± 0.38
w
13.4 ± 0.17
w
12.3 ± 0.14
w
10.45 ± 0.1
w
9.3 ± 0.08
w
6.7 ± 0.04
w
4.4 ± 0.03
w
3.9 ± 0.03
w
3.5 ± 0.03
w
3.4 ± 0.03
w
3.3 ± 0.03
w,
wherein d(Å)=interplanar spacing;
I=peak height intensity;
I 0 =intensity of strongest peak:,
100 I/I 0 =relative peak intensity;
vs=greater than 60 up to about 100; and
w=zero up to about 20; and wherein the oxide material is a layered oxide material which is swollen at room temperature.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the second layer structure is the same as the first layer structure.
3. The method of claim 1 further comprising unswelling the washed swollen layered oxide material to produce the oxide material.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising pillaring the washed swollen layered oxide material to produce a pillared layered oxide material having an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising:
d(Å)
100 I/I 0
43.9 ± 1.9
vs
20.6 ± 0.4
w
15.1 ± 0.21
w
12.2 ± 0.14
w
10.7 ± 0.14
w
9.2 ± 0.14
w
6.9 ± 0.05
w
6.1 ± 0.04
w
4.4 ± 0.03
w
3.9 ± 0.03
w
3.5 ± 0.03
w
3.4 ± 0.03
w
3.3 ± 0.03
w,
wherein the oxide material is a pillared oxide catalyst and
d(Å)=interplanar spacing;
I=peak height intensity;
I 0 =intensity of strongest peak;
100 I/I 0 =relative peak intensity;
vs=greater than 60 up to about 100; and
w=zero up to about 20.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising combining the washed swollen layered oxide material with a polymer to produce a composite.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the composite is made with solvent casting and the polymer is a polystyrene, polypropylene, polyolefin, polymethacrylate, polyvinylalcohol, polyacrylamide, polycaprolactone, a copolymer of ethylene, a copolymer of propylene, a copolymer of acetate, poly(ethylene terephthalate), nylon, polysulfone, polyimide, polyamidimide, polybenzaimidazole, or any combination thereof.
7. The method of claim 4 wherein the composite is made with melt extrusion and the polymer is a polystyrene, polypropylene, polyolefin, polymethacrylate, polyvinylalcohol, polyacrylamide, polycaprolactone, a copolymer of ethylene, a copolymer of propylene, a copolymer of acetate, poly(ethylene terephthalate), nylon or any combination thereof.
8. The method of claim 7 further comprising removing the polymer from the composite to produce an exfoliated layered oxide material having an X-ray diffraction pattern comprising:
d(Å)
100 I/I 0
20.06 ± 1.35
w-m
12.20 ± 0.13
vs
10.93 ± 0.16
s
8.76 ± 0.09
s
6.80 ± 0.05
w
6.04 ± 0.04
m-s
5.52 ± 0.03
w
4.37 ± 0.03
w
3.89 ± 0.02
m-s
3.74 ± 0.02
w-m
3.51 ± 0.04
w
3.41 ± 0.01
vs-m
3.28 ± 0.01
w
3.17 ± 0.01
w,
wherein d(Å)=interplanar spacing;
I=peak height intensity;
I 0 =intensity of strongest peak;
100 I/I 0 =relative peak intensity;
vs=greater than 60 up to about 100;
s=greater than 40 up to about 60;
m=greater than 20 up to 40; and
w=zero up to about 20.
9. The method of claim 8 wherein the polymer is removed by depolymerizing the composite with calcination or by dissolving the composite in a solvent to produce exfoliated layers and separating the exfoliated layers.
10. The method of claim 8 further comprising forming a film or a coating on a support.