AC-DC converter, method of controlling the same, motor driver, compressor driver, air-conditioner, and heat pump type water heater

1. An AC to DC converter, comprising:

a rectifier connected with an AC source through a reactor,

a plurality of capacitors connected between output terminals of said rectifier in series,

first switching means connected between one input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

second switching means connected between the other input terminal of said rectifier and the connection point of said plurality of capacitors, and

a plurality of diodes connected with said plurality of capacitors in inverse-parallel,

wherein, during half a period of said AC source, said rectifier drives and controls said switching means such that said rectifier outputs a substantially sinusoidal waveform in four rectification states: a full-wave rectification state, a first voltage doubler rectification state, a second voltage doubler rectification state, and power unit short-circuited state.

2. The AC to DC converter of claim 1 , wherein

a plurality of resistors is provided connected with said capacitors.

3. The AC to DC converter of claim 1 , wherein

said control means controls at least either the amplitude of the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier or the phase difference of the voltage of said AC source and the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier

to control the terminal voltage across said plurality of capacitors to be a desired voltage.

4. The AC to DC converter of claim 3 , wherein

said control means corrects the voltage drop of said rectifier and said switching means.

5. The AC to DC converter of claim 4 , wherein

said control means sets the correction value of said voltage drop to be a value such that the terminal voltage across said plurality of capacitors becomes a desired voltage

only when said AC to DC converter starts operation.

6. The AC to DC converter of claim 3 , wherein

said control means sets the phase difference between the voltage of said AC source and the voltage between input terminals of said rectifier such that the voltage between input terminals of said rectifier becomes an advanced phase

only when said AC to DC converter starts operation.

7. A method for controlling the AC to DC converter of claim 1 , wherein

a voltage between terminals of each plurality of capacitors is made to be balanced.

8. A motor driver comprising:

the AC to DC converter of claim 1 , and

an inverter that converts DC power that said AC to DC converter outputs to AC power to drive a permanent magnet motor, wherein

said inverter stops said permanent magnet motor after decelerating the rotation speed of said permanent magnet motor to a predetermined rotation speed or less when stopping said permanent magnet motor.

9. A motor driver comprising:

the AC to DC converter of claim 1 ,

an inverter that converts DC power that said AC to DC converter outputs to AC power to drive a permanent magnet motor, and

voltage increase suppressing means that suppresses an abrupt increase in voltage of said plurality of capacitors.

10. A compressor driver comprising:

the AC to DC converter of claim 1 , and

an inverter that converts DC power that said AC to DC converter outputs to AC power to drive a permanent magnet motor, wherein

said permanent magnet motor drives a compressor.

11. An air conditioner, wherein

a refrigerant is made to circulate by the compressor driver of claim 10 .

12. A heat pump type water heater, wherein

the compressor driver of claim 10 circulates a refrigerant to heat water.

13. A compressor driver comprising:

the AC to DC converter of claim 1 ,

an inverter that converts DC power that said AC to DC converter outputs to AC power to drive a permanent magnet motor, and

means that detects a rotation speed or an applied voltage of said permanent magnet motor, wherein

said control means turns on at least one of said switching means at least once during half a cycle of said motor when either the rotation speed of said permanent magnet motor or an applied voltage becomes a predetermined value or less.

14. An AC to DC converter, comprising:

a rectifier connected with an AC source through a reactor,

a plurality of capacitors connected between output terminals of said rectifier in series,

a plurality of switching means connected between input terminals of said rectifier in series, and

a plurality of diodes connected with said plurality of capacitors in reverse-parallel, wherein

a connection point of said plurality of capacitors and that of the plurality of switching means are connected,

wherein, during half a period of said AC source, said rectifier drives and controls said switching means such that said rectifier outputs a substantially sinusoidal waveform in four rectification states: a full-wave rectification state, a first voltage doubler rectification state, a second voltage doubler rectification state, and power unit short-circuited state.

15. An AC to DC converter, comprising:

a rectifier connected with an AC source through a reactor,

a plurality of capacitors connected between output terminals of said rectifier in series,

first switching means connected between one input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

second switching means connected between the other input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

a plurality of diodes connected with said plurality of capacitors in inverse-parallel,

a first voltage detector that detects voltages across said plurality of capacitors,

a second voltage detector that detects the voltage of said AC source, and

control means that drives and controls said switching means, wherein

said control means drives and controls said switching means to control the voltage between input terminals of said rectifier based on detection results of said first voltage detector and said second voltage detector so that the voltage across said plurality of capacitors becomes a desired voltage.

16. A motor driver comprising:

the AC to DC converter of claim 15 ,

an inverter that converts DC power that said AC to DC converter outputs to AC power to drive a permanent magnet motor,

a motor deceleration means that decelerates said permanent magnet motor to avoid stoppage of said permanent magnet motor when said second voltage detection means detects the voltage that is equal to or less than a predetermined voltage.

17. An AC to DC converter, comprising:

a rectifier connected with an AC source through a reactor,

a plurality of capacitors connected between output terminals of said rectifier in series,

first switching means connected between one input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

second switching means connected between the other input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

a plurality of diodes connected with said plurality of capacitors in inverse-parallel,

a first voltage detector that detects the voltage across said plurality of capacitors,

a first current detector that detects the current of said AC source, and

control means that drives and controls said switching means, wherein

said control means drives and controls said switching means to control the voltage between input terminals of said rectifier based on detection results of said first voltage detector and said first current detector so that the voltage across said plurality of capacitors becomes a desired voltage.

18. The AC to DC converter of claim 17 , wherein

said control means controls at least either the amplitude of the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier or the phase difference of the voltage of said AC source and the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier such that a reactive component of the current detected by said first current detector becomes 0

to control the terminal voltage across said plurality of capacitors to be a desired voltage.

19. The AC to DC converter of claim 17 , wherein

said control means controls at least either the amplitude of the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier or the phase difference of the voltage of said AC source and the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier

to control the terminal voltage across said plurality of capacitors to be a desired voltage.

20. An AC to DC converter, comprising:

a rectifier connected with an AC source through a reactor,

a plurality of capacitors connected between output terminals of said rectifier in series,

first switching means connected between one input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

second switching means connected between the other input terminal of said rectifier and a connection point of said plurality of capacitors,

a plurality of diodes connected with said plurality of capacitors in inverse-parallel,

a first voltage detector that detects voltages across said plurality of capacitors,

a second voltage detector that detects the voltage of said AC source,

a first current detector that detects the current of said AC source, and

control means that drives and controls said switching means, wherein

said control means drives and controls said switching means to control the voltage between input terminals of said rectifier based on detection results of said first voltage detector, said second voltage detector, and said first current detector so that the voltage across said plurality of capacitors becomes a desired voltage.

21. The AC to DC converter of claim 20 , wherein

said control means controls at least either the amplitude of the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier or the phase difference of the voltage of said AC source and the voltage between input terminals across said rectifier

to control the terminal voltage across said plurality of capacitors to be a desired voltage.