Production of 2,4-diones from 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrones
Described is a method of making 2,4-diones via acid catalyzed or thermally induced ring-opening of a 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone to yield a 2,4-dione.
1. A method of making 2,4-diones, the method comprising reacting a 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone to yield a corresponding 2,4-dione:
wherein “R” is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halo; hydroxyl; unsubstituted or halo-substituted, linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy; unsubstituted or substituted aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkenyl, or aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkynyl, wherein, if substituted, substituents are selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, acyl, acyloxy, and linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl,
under conditions and for a time such that the corresponding 2,4-dione is formed.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, C 1 - to C 6 -alcohols, and tetrahydrofuran.
3. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, tetrahydrofuran, and mixtures thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a solvent wherein the solvent is water.
5. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a solvent wherein the solvent is tetrahydrofuran.
6. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a solvent wherein the solvent is a mixture of water and tetrahydrofuran.
7. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in the presence of a solid acid catalyst.
8. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in the presence of a solid acid catalyst selected from the group consisting of a functionalized styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer and a functionalized tetrafluoroethylene-fluoropolymer copolymer.
9. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone at a temperature of at least about 300 K.
10. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone at a pressure from atmospheric to about 5 MPa.
11. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone under an inert atmosphere.
12. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in absence of an acid catalyst.
13. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone at a temperature of at least about 300 K in absence of an acid catalyst.
14. The method of claim 1 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a reaction mixture without simultaneously separating the corresponding 2,4-dione from the reaction mixture.
15. A method of making 2,4-diones, the method comprising reacting a 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in the presence of a solid acid catalyst to yield a corresponding 2,4-dione:
wherein “R” is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halo; hydroxyl; unsubstituted or halo-substituted, linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy; aryl-unsubstituted aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkenyl, or aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkynyl; and aryl-substituted aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkenyl, or aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkynyl comprising a halo, hydroxyl, acyl, acyloxy, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl substituent,
under conditions and for a time such that the corresponding 2,4-dione is formed.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the solid acid catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a functionalized styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer and a functionalized tetrafluoroethylene-fluoropolymer copolymer.
17. The method of claim 15 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a reaction mixture without simultaneously separating the corresponding 2,4-dione from the reaction mixture.
18. A method of making 2,4-diones, the method comprising reacting a 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in the absence of an acid catalyst to yield a corresponding 2,4-dione:
wherein “R” is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; halo; hydroxyl; unsubstituted or halo-substituted, linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy; aryl-unsubstituted aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkenyl, or aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkynyl; and aryl-substituted aryl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkenyl, or aryl-C 1 -C 6 -alkynyl comprising a halo, hydroxyl, acyl, acyloxy, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl substituent,
under conditions and for a time such that the corresponding 2,4-dione is formed.
19. The method of claim 18 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone at a temperature of at least about 300 K.
20. The method of claim 18 , comprising reacting the 4-hydroxy-6-substituted-2-pyrone in a reaction mixture without simultaneously separating the corresponding 2,4-dione from the reaction mixture.