Method and apparatus of measuring relative phase of bio-cells
View Patent ↗A method of measuring a relative phase of a bio-cell using a digital image sensor, comprising the steps of firstly filtering a light emitted from a light source, using a first polarizer and a first wave plate, which are arranged in order in a optical path, exposing a bio-cell to the firstly filtered light, secondly filtering the light passing through the bio-cell, using a second wave plate and a second polarizer, which are arranged in order in the optical path, and sensing an intensity of the secondly filtered light, by each of pixels of the image sensor, wherein, as conditions of the second filtering are varied, optical properties of the bio-cell are calculated using the intensity of the light in a pixel-wise manner.
1. A method of measuring a relative phase of a bio-cell using a digital image sensor, the method comprising the steps of:
firstly filtering a light emitted from a light source, using a first polarizer and a first wave plate, which are arranged in order on an optical path;
exposing a bio-cell to the firstly filtered light;
secondly filtering the light passing through the bio-cell, using a second wave plate and a second polarizer, which are arranged in order on the optical path; and
sensing an intensity of the secondly filtered light, by each of pixels of an image sensor,
wherein, as conditions of the second filtering are varied, optical properties of the bio-cell are calculated using the intensity of the light in a pixel-wise manner,
wherein the first wave plate and the second wave plate are provided by using a quarter-wavelength plate,
wherein the first wave plate and the second wave plate are positioned at 45° and 135° respectively to a polarization axis defined by the first polarizer, and
wherein a Jones matrix of the optical properties calculated in a pixel-wise manner is as follows:
[
E
x
E
y
]
=
[
cos
β
-
sin
β
sin
β
cos
β
]
[
1
0
0
0
]
[
cos
β
sin
β
-
sin
β
cos
β
]
[
cos
(
135
°
)
-
sin
(
135
°
)
sin
(
135
°
)
cos
(
135
°
)
]
[
ⅇ
ⅈ
π
4
0
0
ⅇ
-
ⅈ
π
4
]
[
cos
(
135
°
)
sin
(
135
°
)
-
sin
(
135
°
)
cos
(
135
°
)
]
×
[
ⅇ
ⅈ
δ
2
0
0
ⅇ
ⅈ
δ
2
]
[
cos
45
-
sin
45
sin
45
cos
45
]
[
ⅇ
ⅈ
π
4
0
0
ⅇ
-
ⅈ
π
4
]
[
cos
45
sin
45
-
sin
45
cos
45
]
[
0
1
]
E
0
ⅇ
ⅈ
ω
t
whereby E x and E y are intensities of the light respectively to x axis and y axis, β is a rotating angle of the second polarizer, δ is a phase delay by the bio-cell, E 0 is an amplitude of an initial light, ω is a frequency of the initial light.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conditions of the second filtering are varied by varying the polarization angle of the second polarizer.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the polarization angle is varied by π/4.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a specific wave-length of light selected from the light emitted from the light source is used for the first filtering.
5. An apparatus of measuring a relative phase of a bio-cell comprising:
a light source member having a light source emitting light;
a first polarizer for polarizing the light from the light source to a specific direction of polarization state;
a first wave plate for affecting the polarization direction of the light passing through the first polarizer;
a stage plate for locating the bio-cell on an optical path of the light passing through the first wave plate;
a second wave plate for affecting the polarization direction of the light passing though the stage plate;
a second polarizer for polarizing the light passing through the second wave plate to another specific direction of polarization state; and
an image reading member having an image sensor detecting intensities of the light passing through the second polarizer,
wherein the first wave plate and the second wave plate are provided by using a quarter-wave length plate,
wherein the first wave plate and the second wave plate are positioned at 45° and 135° respectively to a polarization axis defined by the first polarizer, and
wherein a Jones matrix of the optical properties calculated in a pixel-wise manner is as follows:
[
E
x
E
y
]
=
[
cos
β
-
sin
β
sin
β
cos
β
]
[
1
0
0
0
]
[
cos
β
sin
β
-
sin
β
cos
β
]
[
cos
(
135
°
)
-
sin
(
135
°
)
sin
(
135
°
)
cos
(
135
°
)
]
[
ⅇ
ⅈ
π
4
0
0
ⅇ
-
ⅈ
π
4
]
[
cos
(
135
°
)
sin
(
135
°
)
-
sin
(
135
°
)
cos
(
135
°
)
]
×
[
ⅇ
ⅈ
δ
2
0
0
ⅇ
ⅈ
δ
2
]
[
cos
45
-
sin
45
sin
45
cos
45
]
[
ⅇ
ⅈ
π
4
0
0
ⅇ
-
ⅈ
π
4
]
[
cos
45
sin
45
-
sin
45
cos
45
]
[
0
1
]
E
0
ⅇ
ⅈ
ω
t
whereby E x and E y are intensities of the light respectively to x axis and y axis, β is a rotating angle of the second polarizer, δ is a phase delay by the bio-cell, E 0 is an amplitude of an initial light, ω is a frequency of the initial light.
6. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the second polarizer comprises a linear polarizer, which varies the polarization state by rotating by λ/4.
7. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the second polarizer comprises a polarizing rotator having a liquid-crystal phase delayer, such that the polarization state is varied according to the liquid-crystal state of the liquid-crystal phase delayer.
8. The apparatus of claim 5 , wherein the light source member further has a band pass filter for passing a specific wavelength of light selected from the light emitted from the light source.