Method for making optical waveguides
A method for making a waveguide comprises (a) providing a waveguide structure comprising a substrate ( 22 ), a lower cladding ( 20 ) layer on the substrate, and a core layer ( 24 ) comprising silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, or amorphous silicon-germanium alloy on the lower cladding layer; (b) patterning the core layer; and (c) annealing ( 28 ) the waveguide structure.
1. A ring resonator comprising a waveguide with a ring resonator layer, the waveguide comprising a lower cladding layer deposited on a substrate, a patterned core layer deposited on the lower cladding layer, and an upper cladding layer deposited over the patterned core layer; wherein the core layer comprises silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, or amorphous silicon-germanium alloy, and is essentially crack-free, wherein the waveguide is a ridge waveguide or a channel waveguide, wherein the ring resonator layer is on the upper cladding layer, and wherein the ring resonator layer has a ring pattern formed therein and comprises silicon nitride, amorphous silicon, or amorphous silicon-germanium alloy.
2. The waveguide of claim 1 wherein the core layer has a refractive index between 1.6 and 4.6 for wavelengths used in optical communication applications.
3. The waveguide of claim 1 further comprising a silicon dioxide upper cladding layer on the patterned core layer.
4. The waveguide according to claim 1 wherein the waveguide exhibits an optical loss of less than 0.15 dB/cm at wavelengths between 1310 nm and 1565 nm.
5. The waveguide according to claim 1 wherein the waveguide is a ridge waveguide.