Method and apparatus for multiple electrospray emitters in mass spectrometry
An electrospray ion source apparatus comprises: a plurality of emitter capillaries, each comprising an internal bore for transporting a portion of a liquid sample from a source, an electrode portion for providing a first applied electric potential and an emitter tip for emitting a cloud of charged particles generated from the liquid sample portion; a counter electrode for providing a second applied electric potential different from the first applied electric potential; and at least one shield electrode disposed at least partially between the counter electrode and the emitter tip of at least one of the emitter capillaries for providing a third applied electric potential intermediate to the first and second applied electric potentials, wherein the at least one shield electrode is configured such that provision of the third applied electric potential to the at least one shield electrode minimizes electric field interference effects between the plurality of emitter capillaries.
1. An electrospray ion source apparatus for generating ions from a liquid sample for introduction into a mass spectrometer comprising:
a plurality of emitter capillaries, each comprising:
an internal bore for transporting a portion of the liquid sample from a source;
an electrode portion for providing a first applied electric potential; and
an emitter tip for emitting a cloud of charged particles generated from the liquid sample portion;
a counter electrode for providing a second applied electric potential different from the first applied electric potential; and
at least one shield electrode disposed at least partially between the counter electrode and the emitter tip of at least one of the emitter capillaries for providing a third applied electric potential intermediate to the first and second applied electric potentials, wherein the at least one shield electrode is configured such that provision of the third applied electric potential to the at least one shield electrode minimizes electric field interference effects between the plurality of emitter capillaries.
2. An electrospray ion source apparatus as recited in claim 1 , wherein the at least one shield electrode is contoured so as to minimize electric field interference effects between the plurality of emitter capillaries including interference effects between the plurality of charged-particle clouds.
3. An electrospray ion source apparatus for generating ions from a liquid sample for introduction into a mass spectrometer comprising:
a plurality of emitter capillaries, each comprising:
an internal bore for transporting a portion of the liquid sample from a source at a flow rate;
an electrode portion for providing a first applied electric potential; and
an emitter tip for emitting a cloud of charged particles generated from the liquid sample portion;
a counter electrode for providing a second applied electric potential different from the first applied electric potential; and
at least one shield electrode disposed at least partially between the counter electrode and the emitter tip of at least one of the emitter capillaries for providing a third applied electric potential intermediate to the first and second applied electric potentials, wherein the at least one shield electrode is configured such that provision of the third applied electric potential to the at least one shield electrode maximizes the degree of emulation of the operation of each of the plurality of emitter capillaries to the operation of a single isolated emitter capillary having the first applied electric potential and operated with the flow rate and with the counter electrode having the second applied electric potential.
4. A method for providing ions to a mass spectrometer, comprising:
(a) providing a source of analyte-bearing liquid;
(b) providing a plurality of an electrospray emitter capillaries, each comprising:
an internal bore for transporting the analyte-bearing liquid from the source;
an electrode portion; and
an emitter tip for emitting a cloud of charged particles generated from the analyte-bearing liquid;
(c) providing a counter electrode;
(d) providing at least one shield electrode disposed at least partially between the counter electrode and the emitter tip of at least one of the emitter capillaries;
(e) distributing the analyte-bearing liquid among the plurality of electrospray emitter capillaries; and
(f) providing first, second and third electric potentials, respectively, to the plurality of electrode portions of the electrospray emitter capillaries, the counter electrode and the at least one shield electrode, wherein the third electric potential is intermediate to the first and second electric potentials, such that the charged particles are emitted from each of the emitter tips,
wherein the at least one shield electrode is configured such that the provision of the third electric potential minimizes electric field interference effects between the plurality of emitter capillaries.
5. A method as recited in claim 4 , wherein the providing of the at least one shield electrode comprises providing the at least one shield electrode with a contour or contours so as to minimize electric field interference effects between the plurality of emitter capillaries including interference effects between the plurality of charged-particle clouds.