Process for preparing dialkyl carbonates
The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing lower dialkyl carbonates as main product and alkylene glycol as by-product by transesterification of a cyclic alkylene carbonate (e.g. ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate) with lower alkyl alcohols in the presence of a catalyst and also the required purification of the dialkyl carbonate in a subsequent process step. To optimize the economics and energy efficiency of the process, additional devices are used for intermediate heating of the liquid streams in the apparatus.
1. A process for preparing dialkyl carbonate from cyclic alkylene carbonate and alkyl alcohol in at least one transesterification column and at least one subsequent distillation column for purifying the dialkyl carbonate formed in the transesterification column, wherein the at least one transesterification column comprises comprises at least one reaction zone and at least one enrichment section arranged above the reaction zone, and wherein the column comprises at least one enrichment section in the upper part of the column and at least one stripping section in the lower part of the column, wherein the process comprises
heating a liquid stream in the at least one transesterification column with a technical device arranged above a bottom vaporizer of the at least one transesterification column,
wherein the technical device uses a medium for heating the internal liquid stream in the column at a temperature (T I ) which is less than the temperature T BV of the medium used in the bottom vaporizer,
recovering, partly or entirely, the energy of the medium for heating the internal liquid stream in the column from another chemical production process, and,
wherein the at least one transesterification column comprises a stripping section arranged below the reaction zone and the technical device for heating the internal liquid stream in the column is arranged in the stripping section.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the energy at the temperature level T I is made available, in its entirety or in part, directly or indirectly by condensation as heat of condensation.
3. The process according to claim 1 wherein the transesterification is carried out in countercurrent in at least one transesterification column in the presence of a catalyst in such a way that alkylene carbonate is introduced into the upper part of the column and a dialkyl carbonate-containing alkyl alcohol having a dialkyl carbonate content of from 0.2 to 30% by weight is introduced into the middle or lower part of the reaction zone of the at least one transesterification column.
4. The process according to claim 3 , wherein a further stream comprising virtually pure alkyl alcohol is fed into the at least one transesterification column at a point of introduction arranged below the point of introduction of the dialkyl carbonate-containing alkyl alcohol stream.
5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the energy of the medium is recovered at the temperature level T I in the condensation of the mixture at the top of the at least one distillation column for purifying the dialkyl carbonate.
6. The process according to claim 2 wherein the transesterification is carried out in countercurrent in at least one transesterification column in the presence of a catalyst in such a way that alkylene carbonate is introduced into the upper part of the column and a dialkyl carbonate-containing alkyl alcohol having a dialkyl carbonate content of from 0.2 to 30% by weight is introduced into the middle or lower part of the reaction zone of the at least one transesterification column.